Validity evidence for the Indonesian version of the Flourishing Index among individuals with chronic disease

Abstract

Flourishing is a multidimensional indicator of positive functioning that may be particularly relevant for individuals living with chronic conditions, whose well-being is shaped by psychological, physical, social, and material demands. This study evaluates the validity evidence supporting the interpretation of scores from the Indonesian version of the Flourishing Index (FI) in this population. A total of 272 adults with chronic conditions participated in the field study. Following the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, evidence was gathered from three sources: test content, response processes and internal structure. Content evidence was examined based on the judgment of three experts, with all items obtaining an I-CVI of 1.00. Response-process evidence was examined through cognitive interviews (N = 5). The original 0-10 response format was modified to a 1-5 one to align the response options with the needs and context of our study, while retaining the original item content. Internal-structure evidence was examined using confirmatory factor analysis of the six-domain model in jamovi version 2.4 with maximum likelihood estimation. All 12 items showed standardized loadings above.50. Model fit was generally acceptable, at χ²(39) = 74.10, p <.001, RMSEA =.057, CFI =.977, TLI =.961, and SRMR =.034, while McDonald’s omega for the total scale was.866. Composite reliability was acceptable for five domains, but the character and virtue domain showed weaker reliability and convergent evidence. Taken together, the findings support interpretation of the Indonesian FI scores for research and supportive well-being assessment among adults with chronic conditions, with further replication warranted.

Keywords

• chronic disease
• confirmatory factor analysis
• flourishing
• Indonesia