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The Determination of Safe Concentration of Non-Carcinogenic Toluene in Surabaya Printing

The Indonesian Journal Of Occupational Safety and Health · Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020) · pp. 360–368

DOI
10.20473/ijosh.v9i3.2020.360-368
ISSN
2540-7872, 2301-8046
Published
2020-11-15
Publisher
Universitas Airlangga
Language
eng

Abstract

Introduction: Safe concentrations of non-carcinogenic toluene can cause adverse effects on health. Based on the results of a research, toxic effects on toluene exposure can cause cancerous (leuikimia) and non-cancerous (aplastic anemia). The Research objective to determine the safe concentration of non-carcinogenic toluene in Surabaya printing. Methods: The research design used was observational analytic, cross sectional research design with a quantitative approach. The research location was a printing press in Surabaya. The variables in this study were the concentration of toluene levels (ppm) and RQ in workers. Total population was 37 workers, while the study sample was taken using accidental sampling method with a total sample of 30 respondents. The formula for determining the concentration of toluene non carcinogen intake is (CxRxtExfExDt): (Wbx30x365). Results: The concentration value of toluene exposure was greater than the standard set by labor regulations No. 5 of 2018 about occupational health and safety of the work environment by 0.2 ppm. A total of 10% of workers falls under normal category, 73% above normal category and 27% below normal category. Conclusion: In this study, we found new findings, viz the concentration of toluene exposure in Surabaya printing area was above normal with a concentration of 0.2 ppm and this is considered not normal.Keywords: non carcinogenic toluene, safe concentration, surabaya printing, toluene

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 87 co-authorship links · 33 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Hasanuddin University
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • University of Brawijaya
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh
  • UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
  • University of Indonesia
  • Universitas Megarezky
  • Other organisations
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Nursalam NursalamUniversitas Airlangga6
Retno LestariUniversity of Brawijaya4
Nurhaedar JafarHasanuddin University3
Lalu Muhammad SalehHasanuddin University3
Ah YusufUniversitas Airlangga3
Atjo WahyuHasanuddin University2
Rachmat HargonoUniversitas Airlangga2
Nurul Mawaddah SyafitriUniversitas Megarezky2
Nia AgustiningsihUniversitas Airlangga2
Dani Nasirul HaqiUniversitas Airlangga2
Endang DwiyantiUniversitas Airlangga2
Ayik Mirayanti MandagiUniversitas Airlangga2
Putri AriscasariUniversitas Muhammadiyah Aceh1
Wardiati WardiatiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Aceh1
Suherdin SuherdinUniversitas Bhakti Kencana1
St. Mutiatu RahmahHasanuddin University1
Darmawansyah DarmawansyahHasanuddin University1
Nurul AnisaAffiliation unknown1
A. Ummu SalamahAffiliation unknown1
A. Rifkah FauziahHasanuddin University1
Mayang Amalia AngaradiptaAffiliation unknown1
Fitriani Rahmatismi BlongkodHasanuddin University1
Gemely DelfaniHasanuddin University1
Yusniar AnggraenyHasanuddin University1
Masyitha MuisHasanuddin University1
Elsar Noverdo PabumbunHasanuddin University1
Waode Sitti Nurul AulyahHasanuddin University1
Dimi CindyastiraAffiliation unknown1
Andi WahyuniHasanuddin University1
Febri Endra Budi SetyawanUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Siti Rahmah Hidayatullah LubisSyarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta1
Istiana TadjuddinHasanuddin University1
Iva Hardi YantiHasanuddin University1
Yulianah RahmadaniHasanuddin University1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/oai, first harvested 10 Nov 2026, last seen 10 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Determination of Safe Concentration of Non-Carcinogenic Toluene in Surabaya Printing</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Prayogi, Ahmad Rido'i Yuda</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tualeka, Abdul Rohim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ahsan, Ahsan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rahmawati, Pudji</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Russeng, Syamsiar S</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Susilowati, Indri H</dc:creator>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: Safe concentrations of non-carcinogenic toluene can cause adverse effects on health. Based on the results of a research, toxic effects on toluene exposure can cause cancerous (leuikimia) and non-cancerous (aplastic anemia). The Research objective to determine the safe concentration of non-carcinogenic toluene in Surabaya printing. Methods: The research design used was observational analytic, cross sectional research design with a quantitative approach. The research location was a printing press in Surabaya. The variables in this study were the concentration of toluene levels (ppm) and RQ in workers. Total population was 37 workers, while the study sample was taken using accidental sampling method with a total sample of 30 respondents. The formula for determining the concentration of toluene non carcinogen intake is (CxRxtExfExDt): (Wbx30x365). Results: The concentration value of toluene exposure was greater than the standard set by labor regulations No. 5 of 2018 about occupational health and safety of the work environment by 0.2 ppm. A total of 10% of workers falls under normal category, 73% above normal category and 27% below normal category. Conclusion: In this study, we found new findings, viz the concentration of toluene exposure in Surabaya printing area was above normal with a concentration of 0.2 ppm and this is considered not normal.Keywords: non carcinogenic toluene, safe concentration, surabaya printing, toluene</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2020-11-15</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/article/view/21429</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/ijosh.v9i3.2020.360-368</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health; 360-368</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-7872</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2301-8046</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJOSH/article/view/21429/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2020 The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>