Anal human papillomavirus genotype distribution and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men

Somia, I Ketut Agus; Merati, Tuti Parwati; Sukmawati, Dewi Dian; Winarti, Ni Wayan; Indira, IGAA Elis; Putra, Ida Bagus Dwija; Prasetia, Made Yogi Oktavian

doi:10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.246-253

Open access Journal SINTA 1

Anal human papillomavirus genotype distribution and its associations with abnormal anal cytology among men who have sex with men

Universa Medicina · Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022) · pp. 246–253

DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.246-253
ISSN: 2407-2230, 1907-3062
Published: 2022-12-13
Publisher: Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti
Language: eng
License: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstract

BACKGROUND Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the severity of anal cytologic abnormalities that are precancerous lesions. Knowledge of HPV type distribution in populations at risk for anal cancer is needed. This study investigated anal HPV infections and cytological abnormalities among men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 90 men aged >30 years with a history of anal sexual intercourse with men. Demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors were collected by using a self-completed questionnaire. Anal cytological results were examined, and HPV genotyping was performed by the Linear Array HPV genotyping test. Descriptive analyses of subject characteristics, prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed. A chi-square test was used to determine their associations with high-risk HPV infection and cytological abnormalities. RESULTS The overall prevalence of abnormal cytology was 32% (24/75), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 17.33 % (13/75), 14.66% (11/75) were classified as low-grade SIL (LSIL) and no participant had high-grade SIL (HSIL). Prevalence of HPV infection with normal cytology was 86.27% (44/51), ASCUS 92.30% (12/13), and LSIL 100% (11/11). The most common types of anal HPV in participants with cytological abnormalities are HPV 16, HPV 18 for high-risk HPV, and HPV 11, HPV 6 for low-risk HPV. There were no associations between the predictor variables and the abnormal cytology (p>0.05). CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of HPV infection in MSM with abnormal anal cytology. A routine anal Pap smear program and vaccination are needed to prevent HPV infection and anal dysplasia in MSM.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

18 authors · 57 co-authorship links · 14 across different organisations

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Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar
Udayana University
International University of Health and Welfare
Affiliation unknown

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Same organisation
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Co-author	Organisation	Joint articles
Made Bakta	Affiliation unknown	2
I Made Susila Utama	Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar	2
‪Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi	Udayana University	1
Ni Made Dewi Dian Sukmawati	Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar	1
Anak Agung Ayu Yuli Gayatri	Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar	1
Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati	Udayana University	1
Haruko Akatsu	International University of Health and Welfare	1
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri	Udayana University	1
I Nyoman Sutarsa	Affiliation unknown	1
Dewa Nyoman Wirawan	Affiliation unknown	1
Made Jawi	Affiliation unknown	1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/oai, first harvested 10 Nov 2026, last seen 10 Nov 2026.

Original metadata (oai_dc)

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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Anal human papillomavirus genotype distribution  and its associations with abnormal anal cytology  among men who have sex with men</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Somia, I Ketut Agus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Merati, Tuti Parwati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sukmawati, Dewi Dian</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Winarti, Ni Wayan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Indira, IGAA Elis</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putra, Ida Bagus Dwija</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Prasetia, Made Yogi Oktavian</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Anal human papillomavirus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">genotype</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Anal cytology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">men who have sex with men</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">BACKGROUND Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the severity of anal cytologic abnormalities that are precancerous lesions. Knowledge of HPV type distribution in populations at risk for anal cancer is needed. This study investigated anal HPV infections and cytological abnormalities among men who have sex with men (MSM).
METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 90 men aged &amp;gt;30 years with a history of anal sexual intercourse with men. Demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors were collected by using a self-completed questionnaire. Anal cytological results were examined, and HPV genotyping was performed by the Linear Array HPV genotyping test. Descriptive analyses of subject characteristics, prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed. A chi-square test was used to determine their associations with high-risk HPV infection and cytological abnormalities.
RESULTS The overall prevalence of abnormal cytology was 32% (24/75), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 17.33 % (13/75), 14.66% (11/75) were classified as low-grade SIL (LSIL) and no participant had high-grade SIL (HSIL). Prevalence of HPV infection with normal cytology was 86.27% (44/51), ASCUS 92.30% (12/13), and LSIL 100% (11/11). The most common types of anal HPV in participants with cytological abnormalities are HPV 16, HPV 18 for high-risk HPV, and HPV 11, HPV 6 for low-risk HPV. There were no associations between the predictor variables and the abnormal cytology (p&amp;gt;0.05).
CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of HPV infection in MSM with abnormal anal cytology. A routine anal Pap smear program and vaccination are needed to prevent HPV infection and anal dysplasia in MSM.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2022-12-13</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/view/1368</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.246-253</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Universa Medicina; Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022); 246-253</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2407-2230</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1907-3062</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/view/1368/719</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2022 I Ketut Agus Somia, Tuti Parwati Merati, Dewi Dian Sukmawati, Ni Wayan Winarti, IGAA Elis Indira, Ida Bagus Dwija Putra, Made Yogi Oktavian Prasetia</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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