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ELEVATED UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN IN SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS

Nusantara Medical Science Journal · Vol. ume No. 1 (2018) · pp. 20–26

DOI
10.20956/nmsj.v3i1.5780
ISSN
2597-7288, 2460-9757
Published
2018-06-01
Publisher
Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University.
Language
en

Abstract

Strategies for schizophrenic treatment still have been developed in order to increase their effectively, based on latest findings in the etio-pathology. Coincidence of hyperbilirubinemia, especially related to Gilbert’s Syndrome (GS), and schizophrenia/other psychiatric disorders, was reported in several studies although the pattern of this alteration is still controversial. Bilirubin could induce microglia to release pro-inflammatory cytokine that cause neuroinflammation, one of hypothetic etio-pathogenesis has been the most extensively studied recently. However, no data have been presented about this phenomenon in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate plasma bilirubin concentration in psychotic spectrum.This study is cross sectional design that we examined both the total bilirubin and direct bilirubin of every psychotic patient admitted for the first time to Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah (RSKD) Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan over a period of July—December 2012, by using health people as control. Diagnostic determination was set based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10. Patients suffering from any disease such as anemia (decreased hemoglobin), liver diseases (elevated liver enzymes), or substance abuse were excluded. From 73 samples, we found that plasma UCB level was significantly elevated, higher in psychotic patients, especially schizophrenic group, than in the control. Total bilirubin rate was slightly increased in schizophrenic group compare to the others and two samples in this group showed hyperbilirubinemia. Further investigations are needed to ensure that whether the elevated UCB was related to GS and whether this condition has inflammatory effect.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

25 authors · 85 co-authorship links

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  • Universitas Pancasakti Makassar
  • Affiliation unknown
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Lita Paramitha AprianiAffiliation unknown1
Rachmawati A. MuhiddinAffiliation unknown1
Kusrini KadarAffiliation unknown1
Meyke Tiku PasangAffiliation unknown1
Chyntia Novita KalaloAffiliation unknown1
Elly Lilianty SjattarAffiliation unknown1
Firmansyah FirmansyahUniversitas Pancasakti Makassar1
Andi Detti YuniantiAffiliation unknown1
Asmita AhmadAffiliation unknown1
Kidung Putra PangestuAffiliation unknown1
Ashar Ramadan SyahAffiliation unknown1
Nur Indah PurnamasariAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad SabirAffiliation unknown1
SRI WAHYUNIAffiliation unknown1
Burhanuddin BaharAffiliation unknown1
Firdaus HamidAffiliation unknown1
Mochammad HattaAffiliation unknown1
Ahyar AhmadAffiliation unknown1
Ade Rifka JunitaAffiliation unknown1
Ressy DwiyantiAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Reza PrimagunaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jmednus/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">ELEVATED UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN  IN SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aziz, Ilhamuddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Widaningsih, Yuyun</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Natzir, Rosdiana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Tanra, A. Jayalangkara</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Unconjugated bilirubin</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Gilbert’s syndrome</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">psychoses</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">schizophrenia</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Strategies for schizophrenic treatment still have been developed in order to increase their effectively, based on latest findings in the etio-pathology. Coincidence of hyperbilirubinemia, especially related to Gilbert’s Syndrome (GS), and schizophrenia/other psychiatric disorders, was reported in several studies although the pattern of this alteration is still controversial.  Bilirubin could induce microglia to release pro-inflammatory cytokine that cause neuroinflammation, one of hypothetic etio-pathogenesis has been the most extensively studied recently. However, no data have been presented about this phenomenon in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate plasma bilirubin concentration in psychotic spectrum.This study is cross sectional design that we examined both the total bilirubin and direct bilirubin of every psychotic patient admitted for the first time to Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah (RSKD) Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan over a period of July—December 2012, by using health people as control. Diagnostic determination was set based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10. Patients suffering from any disease such as anemia (decreased hemoglobin), liver diseases (elevated liver enzymes), or substance abuse were excluded.            From 73 samples, we found that plasma UCB level was significantly elevated, higher in psychotic patients, especially schizophrenic group, than in the control. Total bilirubin rate was slightly increased in schizophrenic group compare to the others and two samples in this group showed hyperbilirubinemia. Further investigations are needed to ensure that whether the elevated UCB was related to GS and whether this condition has inflammatory effect.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University.</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2018-06-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jmednus/article/view/5780</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20956/nmsj.v3i1.5780</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Nusantara Medical Science Journal; Volume 3 No. 1  Januari - Juni 2018; 20-26</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2597-7288</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-9757</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.20956/nmsj.v3i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jmednus/article/view/5780/3261</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2018 Nusantara Medical Science Journal</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>