Distribusi Spasial Vektor Potensial Filariasis dan Habitatnya di Daerah Endemis

Abstract

Abstrak Desa Bedono merupakan wilayah desa endemis filariasis di Kabupaten Demak sejak tahun 2016 dengan mf rate sebesar >1%. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2017 dan bertujuan menggambarkan vektor potensial filariasis dan habitatnya yang dilihat secara spasial. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei entomologi, pengambilan titik subjek, dan objek penelitian menggunakan GPS. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat dan secara spasial/pemetaan dengan perangkat Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vektor potensial filariasis yaitu Culex vishnui dengan distribusi tertinggi pada area pemukiman. Habitat vektor potensial filariasis berupa drum air, selokan, kolam ikan, ban bekas, tambak, dan tempat minum ternak. Distribusi keberadaan habitat perkembangbiakan nyamuk paling banyak ditemukan di Dusun Morosari yang menyebar di jarak 100 meter dari kasus filariasis. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu nyamuk yang berpotensi sebagai vektor filariasis di Desa Bedono adalah Culex vishnui dengan habitat terbanyak di area pemukiman (terutama Dusun Morosari). Abstract Bedono village was categorized as a fialriasis endemic region in Demak regency since 2016 with mf rate of > 1%. The study was conducted in 2017 and it was purposed to plot the spread of disease vector and its habitat through mapping. This research was an observational research with descriptive method as its research design. Data collection was conducted by entomological survey and GPS marking. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and spatial analysis with GIS. The result shown that the potential vector of filariasis was Culex vishnui. The breeding places of the potential vector was a water drum, an open sewerage, a fish pond, used tires, ponds, and livestock. The distribution of mosquito breeding habitat was mainly found in Morosari which is spread in a distance of 100 metres from filariasis cases. The conclusion of the research that the potential vector of filariasis was Culex vishnui with the most habitat of Culex vishnui in settlement area (especially in Morosari Village). Keyword: Vector, Habitat, Bedono, Filariasis, spatial