Cedera dan Keluhan Kesehatan: Profil Risiko dan Tantangan Kesejahteraan Petani di Dusun Kanreapia, Kabupaten Gowa

Abstract

Pertanian di Indonesia menjadi pekerjaan sektor informal utama, mencakup sebagian besar mata pencaharian masyarakat. Namun, perilaku pekerja pertanian dalam manajemen risiko dan pengelolaan masih jauh dari optimal, meninggalkan pekerja dan lingkungan rentan terhadap potensi risiko dan bahaya. Penelitian ini, dilaksanakan di Dusun Kanreapia, Kabupaten Gowa, pada Juli-November 2023, bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian cedera dan keluhan kesehatan pada petani. Dengan metode cross-sectional study dan 71 responden dipilih melalui purposive sampling, variabel bebas mencakup umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, masa kerja, lama kerja, dan kebiasaan merokok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 31% responden mengalami cedera, dan 32.4% mengalami keluhan kesehatan, terutama nyeri punggung (43.7%). Hubungan antara lama kerja dan kejadian cedera memiliki nilai OR tertinggi (2.250), sedangkan hubungan antara masa kerja dan keluhan kesehatan memiliki OR tertinggi (1.474), meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Rekomendasi melibatkan pembatasan jam kerja dan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan membentuk "Kader K3 Pertanian" untuk pengetahuan berkelanjutan tentang Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) di sektor pertanian. Agriculture in Indonesia serves as a primary occupation within the informal sector, encompassing a significant portion of the population's livelihoods. However, the risk management and operational practices of agricultural workers remain far from optimal, leaving both workers and the environment vulnerable to potential risks and hazards. Conducted in Kanreapia Village, Gowa Regency, from July to November 2023, this research aims to identify injury occurrences and health complaints among farmers. Employing a cross-sectional study method with 71 respondents selected through purposive sampling, independent variables include age, gender, education, work period, tenure, and smoking habits. The research findings reveal that 31% of respondents experienced injuries, with 32.4% reporting health complaints, particularly back pain (43.7%). The relationship between work tenure and injury incidents showed the highest Odds Ratio (2.250), while the association between work period and health complaints had the highest Odds Ratio (1.474), though statistically insignificant. Recommendations involve implementing work hour restrictions and community empowerment through the establishment of "Agricultural HSE Cadres" for sustained knowledge transfer on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in the agricultural sector.