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Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Peels and Formulation as Anti-Acne Cream

Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy · Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 1–9

DOI
10.15294/jstrp.v3i2.9043
ISSN
2776-0685
Published
2025-06-05
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Background: Cucumber is proven to have pharmacological activities as antimicrobial. Some of the secondary metabolites contained in cucumber fruit have antimicrobial activity. Aim: This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of cucumber peels against Staphylococcus epidermidis and to make anti-acne cream using cucumber skin extract. Material and Methods: The extraction of cucumber peels extract with maceration using 96% ethanol solvent. Phytochemical screening to determine the compounds contained in the extract. The antibacterial activity test of the extract was carried out through liquid and solid dilution methods to determine the MIC and MBC values. The extract was then made into a cream with varying concentrations of stearic acid and TEA as an emulsifier and then evaluated and tested for antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method. Results: Cucumber peels extract contains steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and saponins that have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis with an MIC value of 2.5% and an MBC value of 5%. The results of the cream evaluation test show that formula F(3) is the most optimal formula for inhibiting Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria with a cucumber skin concentration content of 4.5%. The antibacterial activity test has an inhibition zone of 33-52.70 mm with a very strong category.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 86 co-authorship links · 2 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Indraprasta PGRI
  • Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Dewi MustikaningtyasAffiliation unknown11
Pramesti DewiAffiliation unknown8
Ibnul MubarokAffiliation unknown4
Retno Sri IswariState University of Semarang2
R. SusantiAffiliation unknown2
Saiful RidloState University of Semarang2
Siti AlimahState University of Semarang2
Mutiara Bintang RamadaniAffiliation unknown1
Astrid FarmayatiAffiliation unknown1
Lusi Maswahyu AndriyaniAffiliation unknown1
SunyotoAffiliation unknown1
Nana Kariada Tri MartutiState University of Semarang1
Fitria Ayu TirtaningrumAffiliation unknown1
Lidya Ayu NataliaAffiliation unknown1
Ruri WinantiAffiliation unknown1
Fahmi RahmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Anis MaftuhahAffiliation unknown1
Septi JayantiAffiliation unknown1
Anisa Ratna NugrainiAffiliation unknown1
Nihayatul MilahAffiliation unknown1
Saeful AnhariAffiliation unknown1
Dwi SusilaningsihAffiliation unknown1
Aulia Nuanza AlamAffiliation unknown1
Nikmatul HidayahAffiliation unknown1
Sri UtamiUniversitas Indraprasta PGRI1
Yenni Tyas Wulandari K. EAffiliation unknown1
Afra Fauziah L. PutriAffiliation unknown1
Talitha WidiatningrumAffiliation unknown1
Nadya Audina Nurkhafiya SadikinAffiliation unknown1
Lulu Dar Zulfatunna’imAffiliation unknown1
Anisa Rahmawati PutriAffiliation unknown1
Isnaeni Karunia AnnisaAffiliation unknown1
Fitri AndiniyatiAffiliation unknown1
Sugianto SugiantoUniversitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar1
Dwi YuliantiState University of Semarang1
Tri Sri Noor AsihAffiliation unknown1
Evi WidowatiAffiliation unknown1
Ani Nur FauziahAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) Peels and Formulation as Anti-Acne Cream</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ramadhani, Nadya Wulan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Bintari, Siti Harnina </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cucumber peels</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Antibacterial</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">staphylococcus epidermidis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">anti-acne cream</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: Cucumber is proven to have pharmacological activities as antimicrobial. Some of the secondary metabolites contained in cucumber fruit have antimicrobial activity. Aim: This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of cucumber peels against Staphylococcus epidermidis and to make anti-acne cream using cucumber skin extract. Material and Methods: The extraction of cucumber peels extract with maceration using 96% ethanol solvent. Phytochemical screening to determine the compounds contained in the extract. The antibacterial activity test of the extract was carried out through liquid and solid dilution methods to determine the MIC and MBC values. The extract was then made into a cream with varying concentrations of stearic acid and TEA as an emulsifier and then evaluated and tested for antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method. Results: Cucumber peels extract contains steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and saponins that have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis with an MIC value of 2.5% and an MBC value of 5%. The results of the cream evaluation test show that formula F(3) is the most optimal formula for inhibiting Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria with a cucumber skin concentration content of 4.5%. The antibacterial activity test has an inhibition zone of 33-52.70 mm with a very strong category.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-06-05</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/article/view/9043</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jstrp.v3i2.9043</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy; 1-9</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2776-0685</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/article/view/9043/4334</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>