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Vanilla Callogenesis with the Addition of Picloram and BAP under Dark and Light Conditions

Life Science · Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025) · pp. 11–21

DOI
10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1.22275
ISSN
2528-5009, 2252-6277
Published
2025-05-31
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Vanillin is a secondary metabolite in vanilla, with a 1%–3% content. Tissue culture is an effective alternative for producing plant secondary metabolites. This study aimed to analyze the effect of picloram and BAP under light and dark conditions on the callogenesis of vanilla leaf explants. A randomized block design was used with two factors: picloram concentration (0 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 7.5 ppm) and BAP (0 ppm, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm), as well as lighting conditions (light and dark). Vanilla leaf explants were cultured on MS medium and incubated for three months. The observed parameters included the time for explants to curve, the percentage of curved explants, the time of callus formation, the percentage of callus-forming explants, and callus morphology. The results showed that PGRs type/concentration significantly affected the percentage of curved explants but had no significant effect on other parameters. Lighting and its interaction with PGRs had no significant effect. The best combination of picloram and BAP resulted in 100% curved explants but was less optimal for inducing callus formation in vanilla leaf explants. This study can open scientific insights into the combination of picloram and BAP and the effects of different lighting in vanilla leaf callogenesis.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

32 authors · 74 co-authorship links

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Enni Suwarsi RahayuState University of Semarang3
Furzani Pa’eeAffiliation unknown2
Lina HerlinaAffiliation unknown2
Talitha WidiatningrumAffiliation unknown1
Nur WijawatiAffiliation unknown1
Fajar MusafaAffiliation unknown1
Khoirul MukhtarAffiliation unknown1
Y. Ulung AnggraitoAffiliation unknown1
Anisa Dewi Sri PuspitasariAffiliation unknown1
Adninta Husnu AmaliaAffiliation unknown1
Nurul Huda Am Zen AriefAffiliation unknown1
Yustinus Ulung AnggraitoAffiliation unknown1
Dinda MelatiAffiliation unknown1
Na Dame Maulibulung SinagaAffiliation unknown1
Siti AlimahState University of Semarang1
Vira AyuningrumAffiliation unknown1
Mualimin -Affiliation unknown1
Krispinus Kedati PukanState University of Semarang1
Griyani -Affiliation unknown1
Titis PurwantiAffiliation unknown1
SUPRIYANTO SUPRIYANTOAffiliation unknown1
Ika MundiyakinAffiliation unknown1
Nana Kariada Tri MartutiAffiliation unknown1
Annisaa NurjannahAffiliation unknown1
Woro SumarniState University of Semarang1
Rizqi UtamiAffiliation unknown1
Arif WidiyatmokoState University of Semarang1
Raula Samsul AmarilaAffiliation unknown1
Sri HaryaniAffiliation unknown1
Shofwan RidhoAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/UnnesJLifeSci/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Vanilla Callogenesis with the Addition of Picloram and BAP under Dark and Light Conditions</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Bahrunnisa, Atiqah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Noor Aini Habibah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">BAP</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Callus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Lighting</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Picloram</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Vanilla</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Vanillin is a secondary metabolite in vanilla, with a 1%–3% content. Tissue culture is an effective alternative for producing plant secondary metabolites. This study aimed to analyze the effect of picloram and BAP under light and dark conditions on the callogenesis of vanilla leaf explants. A randomized block design was used with two factors: picloram concentration (0 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 7.5 ppm) and BAP (0 ppm, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm), as well as lighting conditions (light and dark). Vanilla leaf explants were cultured on MS medium and incubated for three months. The observed parameters included the time for explants to curve, the percentage of curved explants, the time of callus formation, the percentage of callus-forming explants, and callus morphology. The results showed that PGRs type/concentration significantly affected the percentage of curved explants but had no significant effect on other parameters. Lighting and its interaction with PGRs had no significant effect. The best combination of picloram and BAP resulted in 100% curved explants but was less optimal for inducing callus formation in vanilla leaf explants. This study can open scientific insights into the combination of picloram and BAP and the effects of different lighting in vanilla leaf callogenesis. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-05-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/UnnesJLifeSci/article/view/22275</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1.22275</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Life Science; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): May 2025; 11-21</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2528-5009</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-6277</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/UnnesJLifeSci/article/view/22275/4210</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Life Science</dc:rights>
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