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Ketidakpastian Hukum Pergantian Calon DPRD Terpilih: Ancaman terhadap Esensi Sistem Proporsional Terbuka (Studi Kasus Pemilihan Umum 2024 di Jawa Tengah)

Annual Review of Legal Studies · Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 181–206

DOI
10.15294/arls.vol2i2.26290
ISSN
3047-7875, 3047-7581
Published
2025-05-31
Publisher
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

This study conducts a juridical analysis of legal uncertainty in the replacement of elected Regional Legislative Council (DPRD) candidates, specifically examining its threat to the essence of the open proportional electoral system in Indonesia. Drawing upon legal certainty theories, this research identifies ambiguities within Article 426 of Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections, particularly concerning the "resignation" clause and the potential for misuse under "failure to meet requirements". These legal loopholes grant political parties excessive discretion in candidate replacement. The manifestation of this uncertainty is evident in the 2024 General Election in Central Java, where specific cases of elected DPRD candidates were replaced based on pre-signed resignation letters. This practice, stemming from internal party strategies, led to the subsequent rejection of lawsuits by the State Administrative Court (PTUN) in Semarang, which further legitimized these formalistic interpretations, despite underlying substantive issues. This practice fundamentally undermines voter sovereignty and distorts the core principles of the open proportional system. It effectively negates voters' direct choices, transforming the de jure open system into a de facto party-controlled mechanism. Such inconsistencies erode the legitimacy of political representation and public trust in the electoral process, as highlighted by prior academic criticisms that remain unaddressed in legislative reforms. The study concludes with urgent recommendations for legislative amendments and enhanced regulatory oversight to ensure substantive legal certainty and protect citizens' fundamental political rights.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

14 authors · 27 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universiti Sains Malaysia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Saiful RidloState University of Semarang1
Sony ZulfikasariState University of Semarang1
Devi Ajeng EfriliandaState University of Semarang1
Kien Tsong ChauUniversiti Sains Malaysia1
Suwito Eko PramonoAffiliation unknown1
Eko KrismiantoAffiliation unknown1
Ali MasyharAffiliation unknown1
SuhadiAffiliation unknown1
SuwandokoAffiliation unknown1
Rizza Arge WinantaAffiliation unknown1
Indah AnisykurlillahAffiliation unknown1
mohamad ikhwan rosyidiAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/arls/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Ketidakpastian Hukum Pergantian Calon DPRD Terpilih: Ancaman terhadap Esensi Sistem Proporsional Terbuka (Studi Kasus Pemilihan Umum 2024 di Jawa Tengah)</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rachman Kadir, La Ode Ibrah Haikal</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rodiyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">General Election, Legal Certainty, Open Proportional</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study conducts a juridical analysis of legal uncertainty in the replacement of elected Regional Legislative Council (DPRD) candidates, specifically examining its threat to the essence of the open proportional electoral system in Indonesia. Drawing upon legal certainty theories, this research identifies ambiguities within Article 426 of Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections, particularly concerning the "resignation" clause and the potential for misuse under "failure to meet requirements". These legal loopholes grant political parties excessive discretion in candidate replacement. The manifestation of this uncertainty is evident in the 2024 General Election in Central Java, where specific cases of elected DPRD candidates were replaced based on pre-signed resignation letters. This practice, stemming from internal party strategies, led to the subsequent rejection of lawsuits by the State Administrative Court (PTUN) in Semarang, which further legitimized these formalistic interpretations, despite underlying substantive issues. This practice fundamentally undermines voter sovereignty and distorts the core principles of the open proportional system. It effectively negates voters' direct choices, transforming the de jure open system into a de facto party-controlled mechanism. Such inconsistencies erode the legitimacy of political representation and public trust in the electoral process, as highlighted by prior academic criticisms that remain unaddressed in legislative reforms. The study concludes with urgent recommendations for legislative amendments and enhanced regulatory oversight to ensure substantive legal certainty and protect citizens' fundamental political rights.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-05-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/arls/article/view/26290</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/arls.vol2i2.26290</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Annual Review of Legal Studies; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May, 2025; 181-206</dc:source>
	<dc:source>3047-7875</dc:source>
	<dc:source>3047-7581</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/arls.vol2i2.%a</dc:source>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 La Ode Ibrah Haikal Rachman Kadir (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>