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Effects of Spirulina Feed Additive on Duodenal Tissue Structure in Peking Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education · Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 327–338

DOI
10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.26215
ISSN
2338-7610, 2085-191X
Published
2025-08-01
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

The use of synthetic feed additives in Peking ducks has adverse effects on their growth and productivity. Spirulina sp., a blue-green algae, has the potential to be used as a safe feed additive that can enhance the growth and productivity of ducks. This study aims to analyze the effects of Spirulina (Spirulina sp.) powder as a feed additive on the histomorphometry of the duodenum in Peking ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), focusing on the duodenal lumen diameter, villus height, villus width, mucosal tunic thickness, submucosal tunic thickness, and muscular tunic thickness. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 35 ducks divided into 5 treatments and 5 repetitions. The treatments included a control group and the addition of spirulina powder in feed at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with a significance level of 5%, followed by Duncan's test. The results of data analysis showed that spirulina powder had a significant effect (P<0.05) on villus height and duodenal mucosa tunica thickness. The conclusion of this study is that spirulina powder has the potential to be used as a feed additive to improve digestive performance in male Peking ducks, as evidenced by the increase in villus height and thick tunica mucosa in the small intestine. The novelty of this study lies in the utilization of spirulina powder as a feed additive to increase the size of the duodenal tissue structure in Peking ducks. The results of this study are expected to be a new reference on the potential of spirulina as a feed additive to improve poultry feed quality and digestive performance, especially in peking ducks.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 112 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Diponegoro University
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Hasanuddin University
  • State University of Semarang
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sri IsdadiyantoAffiliation unknown6
Thomas Oka PratamaAffiliation unknown3
Dwinanda BudiwardaniAffiliation unknown3
Susilo SusiloAffiliation unknown2
Ian YuliantiAffiliation unknown2
Eko HaryonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Agus Budhie WijatnaAffiliation unknown2
Zalfa AlfatinnisaAffiliation unknown2
Mohammad Wahyu AndriyanAffiliation unknown2
Muhammad Ragil SaputraAffiliation unknown2
Endah Puji AstutiAffiliation unknown2
Agus SubagioAffiliation unknown2
Andi Aisyah AzzahrahAffiliation unknown1
Migie HandayaniAffiliation unknown1
Kustopo BudiraharjoDiponegoro University1
Andi Aisyah AzzahrahDiponegoro University1
Migie HandayaniDiponegoro University1
Masturi MasturiHasanuddin University1
Yohannes SardjonoAffiliation unknown1
Rio Agustian Gilang FernandoAffiliation unknown1
Pratiwi DwijanantiAffiliation unknown1
Cinta Etna SyakeraAffiliation unknown1
Laode ErmanjayaAffiliation unknown1
Ani RusilowatiState University of Semarang1
Amelia CristinaAffiliation unknown1
Hartono HartonoAffiliation unknown1
Agnes Yustika Wulan ArumAffiliation unknown1
Ekberd KreyAffiliation unknown1
Siti HananAffiliation unknown1
Natalia Putri Eko WibowoAffiliation unknown1
Rosyida MukarromahAffiliation unknown1
Tatag Yufitra RusAffiliation unknown1
Gozali GozaliAffiliation unknown1
Bambang Jati KusumaAffiliation unknown1
Sara WibawaningAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Effects of Spirulina Feed Additive on Duodenal Tissue Structure in Peking Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Maura, Maisya Sifana </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sunarno, Sunarno</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Budiraharjo, Kustopo </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Jaya, La Ode Irman </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Microalgae</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">intestinal tract</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">antioxidant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">flavonoid</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">cell differentiation</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The use of synthetic feed additives in Peking ducks has adverse effects on their growth and productivity. Spirulina sp., a blue-green algae, has the potential to be used as a safe feed additive that can enhance the growth and productivity of ducks. This study aims to analyze the effects of Spirulina (Spirulina sp.) powder as a feed additive on the histomorphometry of the duodenum in Peking ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), focusing on the duodenal lumen diameter, villus height, villus width, mucosal tunic thickness, submucosal tunic thickness, and muscular tunic thickness. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 35 ducks divided into 5 treatments and 5 repetitions. The treatments included a control group and the addition of spirulina powder in feed at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with a significance level of 5%, followed by Duncan's test. The results of data analysis showed that spirulina powder had a significant effect (P&amp;lt;0.05) on villus height and duodenal mucosa tunica thickness. The conclusion of this study is that spirulina powder has the potential to be used as a feed additive to improve digestive performance in male Peking ducks, as evidenced by the increase in villus height and thick tunica mucosa in the small intestine. The novelty of this study lies in the utilization of spirulina powder as a feed additive to increase the size of the duodenal tissue structure in Peking ducks. The results of this study are expected to be a new reference on the potential of spirulina as a feed additive to improve poultry feed quality and digestive performance, especially in peking ducks.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-08-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/26215</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.26215</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education; Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025; 327-338</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-7610</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-191X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/26215/5542</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</dc:rights>
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