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Insect Diversity in Horticultural Crops Frequently Sprayed with Pesticides

Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 381–391

DOI
10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.54405
ISSN
2338-7610, 2085-191X
Published
2026-08-20
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Insect diversity reflects the complex interaction between insects and their environment, as demonstrated by their various functional roles, including pollinators, predators, parasitoids, decomposers, and phytophage. In horticultural ecosystems, insect diversity can indicate environmental stability because insects help maintain ecosystem balance and support crop productivity through various ecological interactions. This study aimed to analyze insect diversity in horticultural crops frequently sprayed with pesticides located in Bawen, Semarang Regency, Indonesia. The research was conducted in horticultural plantations to collect insect diversity data using hand-collecting and pitfall trap methods. The insect diversity data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), the evenness index (E) and Simpson's dominance index (D), and Environmental factors. The results show that 4,142 insects were found in this study, belonging to 8 orders, 43 families, and 69 species. The insect diversity index indicates a highly diverse insect community with relatively even distribution of individuals among species and low species dominance, suggesting that the horticultural crops in Bawen are ecologically stable, despite routine pesticide application. Seasonal transition and pesticide use show limited variation in their influence on insect diversity. This study supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 15 (Life on Land), by conserving insect biodiversity in horticultural ecosystems.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 179 co-authorship links · 6 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • State University of Makassar
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Ning SetiatiAffiliation unknown19
Maria Ayu PuspitaAffiliation unknown8
Pramesti DewiAffiliation unknown7
Nunung Eni ElawatiAffiliation unknown6
Lisdiana LisdianaAffiliation unknown5
Sri NgabektiState University of Semarang5
Arif WidiyatmokoState University of Semarang4
Parmin ParminState University of Semarang4
Endah PeniatiState University of Semarang4
Andin IrsadiState University of Semarang4
Aura Tirsa MelindaAffiliation unknown4
Bambang PriyonoState University of Semarang3
LisdianaAffiliation unknown3
Niken SubektiState University of Semarang3
R. SusantiAffiliation unknown3
Sri Mulyani Endang SusilowatiAffiliation unknown3
Saiful RidloState University of Semarang3
Aditya MariantiAffiliation unknown3
Melissa Salma DarmawanState University of Semarang2
Bayu Tri PrasojoAffiliation unknown2
Edy CahyonoState University of Semarang2
Andreas Priyono Budi PrasetyoState University of Semarang2
Ari YuniastutiState University of Semarang2
Susi ErliantiAffiliation unknown2
Sri SukaesihState University of Semarang2
WulandariState University of Makassar2
Nugrahaningsih WHAffiliation unknown2
Tuti WidiantiAffiliation unknown2
R. RahmawatiState University of Semarang1
Muji SlametAffiliation unknown1
Fahrul HuyopUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Fenny WidiyantiState University of Semarang1
Fidia FibrianaState University of Semarang1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Insect Diversity in Horticultural Crops Frequently Sprayed with Pesticides</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Indriyanti, Dyah Rini </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Widiyaningrum, Priyantini </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Jelita, Orchida Puspa </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nada, Laila Khoirun</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Farreza, Delia Alifia </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Erwanti, Putri Eka </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mamat, Noorhidayah </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Horticultural crops</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Insect diversity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sprayed with pesticides</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Insect diversity reflects the complex interaction between insects and their environment, as demonstrated by their various functional roles, including pollinators, predators, parasitoids, decomposers, and phytophage. In horticultural ecosystems, insect diversity can indicate environmental stability because insects help maintain ecosystem balance and support crop productivity through various ecological interactions. This study aimed to analyze insect diversity in horticultural crops frequently sprayed with pesticides located in Bawen, Semarang Regency, Indonesia. The research was conducted in horticultural plantations to collect insect diversity data using hand-collecting and pitfall trap methods. The insect diversity data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), the evenness index (E) and Simpson's dominance index (D), and Environmental factors. The results show that 4,142 insects were found in this study, belonging to 8 orders, 43 families, and 69 species. The insect diversity index indicates a highly diverse insect community with relatively even distribution of individuals among species and low species dominance, suggesting that the horticultural crops in Bawen are ecologically stable, despite routine pesticide application. Seasonal transition and pesticide use show limited variation in their influence on insect diversity. This study supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 15 (Life on Land), by conserving insect biodiversity in horticultural ecosystems.
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-08-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/54405</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.54405</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): August 2026; 381-391</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-7610</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2085-191X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika/article/view/54405/11213</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>