Legal and Regulatory Issues Concerning the Concept of Cloud Seeding in Climate Change Mitigation

Mukhlish, Mukhlish; Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Jufri, Muwaffiq; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Obieshi, Eregbuonye

doi:10.15294/ijel.v4i1.21627

Open access Journal

Legal and Regulatory Issues Concerning the Concept of Cloud Seeding in Climate Change Mitigation

Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development · Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025) · pp. 123–152

DOI: 10.15294/ijel.v4i1.21627
ISSN: 2829-9590, 2829-9582
Published: 2025-07-29
Publisher: Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language: eng
License: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Cloud Seeding is a recent scientific discovery on weather modification and alteration that aims to enhance rainfall in addressing drought and climate change issues. However, despite this potent discovery there are several legal issues yet to be addressed in the usage of cloud seeding. Hence, the study examines the legal issue arising from cloud seeding. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study, relying on primary and secondary research material, such as laws, journal articles, internet articles, and other relevant research material. The data obtained were analyzed using a descriptive and analytical method. The study found that cloud seeding is a potential means of curtailing the incidence of drought and desertification caused by climate change arising from harmful industrial and human activities. However, the study also found that several legal issues may arise in utilising cloud seeding, which includes a lack of comprehensive international law regulating cloud Seeding, the inability of the existing laws to address transboundary issues, liability, impose due compliance and sanction of wrong utilising cloud seeding that adversely alter the natural state of the environment. Concerning this the study concludes and recommends that there is a need for a unified global legal framework to ensure the responsible use of cloud seeding and effective regulation.

Keywords

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31 authors · 84 co-authorship links

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Universitas Trunodjoyo Madura
Affiliation unknown

Different organisations
Same organisation
Affiliation unknown
Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles

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Co-author	Organisation	Joint articles
Evis Garunja	Affiliation unknown	5
Erma Rusdiana	Affiliation unknown	4
Mukhlis Mukhlis	Affiliation unknown	3
Esther Chetachukwu Aidonojie	Affiliation unknown	2
Oaihimire Idemudia Edetalehn	Affiliation unknown	2
Oluwaseye Oluwayomi Ikubanni	Affiliation unknown	2
Alade Adeniyi Oyebade	Affiliation unknown	2
Hassan Ismaila	Affiliation unknown	2
Nathan Ibrahim	Affiliation unknown	2
Souad Ezzerouali	Affiliation unknown	2
Lindra Darnela	Affiliation unknown	2
Raphael D. Jackson-Ortiz	Affiliation unknown	2
Ousu Mendy	Affiliation unknown	2
Ebrima Sarr	Affiliation unknown	2
Raphael Daoud Jackson-Ortiz	Affiliation unknown	2
Safi' Safi'	Affiliation unknown	2
Yusuf Abass Aleshinloye	Affiliation unknown	1
Ogoma Sunday Ani	Affiliation unknown	1
Obieshi Eregbuonye	Affiliation unknown	1
Ismaila Hassan	Affiliation unknown	1
. Pamuji	Affiliation unknown	1
M. Iqbal	Affiliation unknown	1
Ajeng Permata Sari	Affiliation unknown	1
Fernandho	Affiliation unknown	1
Yusuf Ibrahim Arowosaiye	Affiliation unknown	1
Helmy Boemiya	Universitas Trunodjoyo Madura	1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.

Original metadata (oai_dc)

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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Legal and Regulatory Issues Concerning the Concept of Cloud Seeding in Climate Change Mitigation</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mukhlish, Mukhlish </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Jufri, Muwaffiq</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Obieshi , Eregbuonye</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cloud</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Seeding</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">International</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Regulation</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Cloud Seeding is a recent scientific discovery on weather modification and alteration that aims to enhance rainfall in addressing drought and climate change issues. However, despite this potent discovery there are several legal issues yet to be addressed in the usage of cloud seeding. Hence, the study examines the legal issue arising from cloud seeding. The study adopts a doctrinal method of study, relying on primary and secondary research material, such as laws, journal articles, internet articles, and other relevant research material. The data obtained were analyzed using a descriptive and analytical method. The study found that cloud seeding is a potential means of curtailing the incidence of drought and desertification caused by climate change arising from harmful industrial and human activities. However, the study also found that several legal issues may arise in utilising cloud seeding, which includes a lack of comprehensive international law regulating cloud Seeding, the inability of the existing laws to address transboundary issues, liability, impose due compliance and sanction of wrong utilising cloud seeding that adversely alter the natural state of the environment. Concerning this the study concludes and recommends that there is a need for a unified global legal framework to ensure the responsible use of cloud seeding and effective regulation.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-29</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/article/view/21627</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/ijel.v4i1.21627</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January-June, 2025; 123-152</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2829-9590</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2829-9582</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijel/article/view/21627/5263</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Mukhlish Mukhlish, Paul Atagamen Aidonojie , Jufri Muwaffiq Jufri, Mercy Osemudiame Okpoko, Eregbuonye Obieshi Ph.D. (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>