Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Open access Journal

Deep Structures of Religious Moderation in Higher Education: An Analysis Through the Perspectives of Iceberg Theory and Theory U

Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura · Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026) · pp. 333–357

DOI
10.22373/jiif.v26i1.33857
ISSN
2407-7542, 1412-1190
Published
2026-02-27
Publisher
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstract

This study investigates the implementation of religious moderation policies across three state religious higher education institutions in Indonesia through the conceptual lenses of the Iceberg Model and Theory U. It aims to explore the visible practices and underlying institutional structures, behavioral patterns, and mental models that shape the implementation of religious moderation. A qualitative multiple-case study design was employed between July and September 2024. The study involved 200 purposively selected participants, comprising students, lecturers, and administrative staff from three participating institutions. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observations, document analysis, and a descriptive questionnaire used to support data triangulation. Qualitative data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis and subsequently interpreted through the Iceberg Model and Theory U. The findings indicate that the participating institutions adopted different approaches to implementing religious moderation. One institution demonstrated stronger formal institutional support through documented policies, dedicated organizational structures, and structured training programs, whereas the other institutions relied more on community engagement and everyday interactions within religiously diverse environments. Despite these differences, all institutions faced structural challenges, including limited inclusive facilities and insufficient institutional mechanisms to sustain interfaith engagement. The study concludes that effective implementation of religious moderation requires the integration of formal institutional governance with community-based learning and continuous organizational reflection. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of religious moderation as an institutional process and provide practical insights for strengthening governance and inclusive campus culture in religious higher education.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

22 authors · 58 co-authorship links · 20 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
  • Lampung University
  • Indonesia University of Education
  • Kwansei Gakuin University
  • Kyoto University
  • National University of Malaysia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Rofiqul UmamKwansei Gakuin University1
Antomi SaregarUniversitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung1
Fredi Ganda PutraLampung University1
Rahma DianiUniversitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung1
Misbah MisbahAffiliation unknown1
Y. YubertiUniversitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung1
Y. VelinaKyoto University1
S LatifahUniversitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung1
⁠Undang RosidinLampung University1
I Wayan DistrikLampung University1
Chandra ErtikantoLampung University1
Titik RahayuNational University of Malaysia1
Firmanul Catur WibowoAffiliation unknown1
Happy KomikesariAffiliation unknown1
Ajo Dian YusandikaAffiliation unknown1
Sri LatifahAffiliation unknown1
Irani DiansahAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/islamfutura/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 6 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Deep Structures of Religious Moderation in Higher Education: An Analysis Through the Perspectives of Iceberg Theory and Theory U</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yuberti, Yuberti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Jamaluddin, Wan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Irfani, Bambang</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Susilowati, Nur Endah </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Anugrah, Adyt</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Iceberg Analysis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Religious Higher Education</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Religious Moderation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">U Theory</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study investigates the implementation of religious moderation policies across three state religious higher education institutions in Indonesia through the conceptual lenses of the Iceberg Model and Theory U. It aims to explore the visible practices and underlying institutional structures, behavioral patterns, and mental models that shape the implementation of religious moderation. A qualitative multiple-case study design was employed between July and September 2024. The study involved 200 purposively selected participants, comprising students, lecturers, and administrative staff from three participating institutions. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observations, document analysis, and a descriptive questionnaire used to support data triangulation. Qualitative data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis and subsequently interpreted through the Iceberg Model and Theory U. The findings indicate that the participating institutions adopted different approaches to implementing religious moderation. One institution demonstrated stronger formal institutional support through documented policies, dedicated organizational structures, and structured training programs, whereas the other institutions relied more on community engagement and everyday interactions within religiously diverse environments. Despite these differences, all institutions faced structural challenges, including limited inclusive facilities and insufficient institutional mechanisms to sustain interfaith engagement. The study concludes that effective implementation of religious moderation requires the integration of formal institutional governance with community-based learning and continuous organizational reflection. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of religious moderation as an institutional process and provide practical insights for strengthening governance and inclusive campus culture in religious higher education.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-02-27</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/islamfutura/article/view/33857</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/jiif.v26i1.33857</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura; Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura; 333-357</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Islam Futura; Vol 26 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura; 333-357</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2407-7542</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1412-1190</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/islamfutura/article/view/33857/13304</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Yuberti Yuberti, Wan Jamaluddin, Bambang Irfani, Nur Endah  Susilowati, Adyt Anugrah</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>