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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FLOBLE LEARNING MODEL ASSISTED BY LMS EDUKATI ON CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES IN ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Education · Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)

DOI
10.15294/jeec.v15i1.58505
ISSN
2301-7341
Published
2026-07-20
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Students' critical thinking skills have not yet reached an optimal level. The 2022 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) results indicate Indonesia's lowest performance since its first participation in 2000. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the integrated Flipped Classroom and Problem-Based Learning (FLOBLE) model, supported by the Edukati Learning Management System (LMS), in improving students' critical thinking skills in economics. This study employed a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of Class X-5 as the experimental group and Class X-4 as the control group at SMA Negeri 16 Semarang during the 2025/2026 academic year. Primary data were collected through pretests and posttests and analyzed using an independent-samples t-test, normalized gain (N-gain), and effect size analysis. The results show that the FLOBLE model effectively improves students' critical thinking skills in economics. The experimental group achieved an N-gain score of 71.96% (moderately effective), while the control group obtained 53.86% (less effective). The effect size value of 0.819 indicates a large effect. These findings demonstrate that the FLOBLE model is more effective than Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and provides an effective alternative for enhancing students' critical thinking skills in economics.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 135 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Media Nusantara Citra
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Rusdarti RusdartiAffiliation unknown8
Joko WidodoAffiliation unknown7
Fathur RokhmanState University of Semarang6
Eko HandoyoAffiliation unknown6
Agus WahyudinAffiliation unknown6
Dian Fithra PermanaAffiliation unknown4
Arief YuliantoUniversitas Media Nusantara Citra4
RusdartiAffiliation unknown3
Kardoyo KardoyoAffiliation unknown3
Ade RustianaAffiliation unknown3
Edy SuryantoAffiliation unknown2
Angga Pandu WijayaAffiliation unknown2
Syakila MaulidaAffiliation unknown2
Amanda Dewi PuspitaAffiliation unknown2
Indah AnisykurlillahAffiliation unknown2
Linda AgustinaAffiliation unknown2
Noor HudallahAffiliation unknown2
Achmad SlametAffiliation unknown2
Rizqi Mustika WatiAffiliation unknown2
Murwatiningsih MurwatiningsihAffiliation unknown2
Heri YantoAffiliation unknown2
Amin PujiatiAffiliation unknown2
Ahmad SaerojiAffiliation unknown2
Widiyanto WidiyantoAffiliation unknown2
Tusyanah TusyanahAffiliation unknown2
S MartonoAffiliation unknown2
Zaenuri ZaenuriState University of Semarang1
Arief RohmanAffiliation unknown1
Nina FarlianaAffiliation unknown1
Teguh Hardi RaharjoAffiliation unknown1
Pingkan Anggia KinaryosihAffiliation unknown1
Radini SintaAffiliation unknown1
Moh. UyubAffiliation unknown1
Dian Fithra PermanaAffiliation unknown1
SuharjaAffiliation unknown1
Angga WijayaAffiliation unknown1
Liza Dwi AnggraeniAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jeec/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 6 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FLOBLE LEARNING MODEL ASSISTED BY LMS EDUKATI ON CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES IN ECONOMICS</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fadlillah, Nihayatul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muhammad Khafid</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nina Oktarina</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Critical Thinking</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Flipped Classroom</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Problem Based Learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Learning Management System</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Students' critical thinking skills have not yet reached an optimal level. The 2022 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) results indicate Indonesia's lowest performance since its first participation in 2000. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the integrated Flipped Classroom and Problem-Based Learning (FLOBLE) model, supported by the Edukati Learning Management System (LMS), in improving students' critical thinking skills in economics. This study employed a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of Class X-5 as the experimental group and Class X-4 as the control group at SMA Negeri 16 Semarang during the 2025/2026 academic year. Primary data were collected through pretests and posttests and analyzed using an independent-samples t-test, normalized gain (N-gain), and effect size analysis. The results show that the FLOBLE model effectively improves students' critical thinking skills in economics. The experimental group achieved an N-gain score of 71.96% (moderately effective), while the control group obtained 53.86% (less effective). The effect size value of 0.819 indicates a large effect. These findings demonstrate that the FLOBLE model is more effective than Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and provides an effective alternative for enhancing students' critical thinking skills in economics.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-07-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jeec/article/view/58505</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jeec.v15i1.58505</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Economic Education; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): June 2026</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2301-7341</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jeec.v15i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jeec/article/view/58505/10743</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Economic Education</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>