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Fertilizer Diversification as a Pathway to Agricultural Employment Growth in Central Java

JEJAK · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 31–42

DOI
10.15294/jejak.v18i2.29875
ISSN
2460-5123, 1979-715X
Published
2026-01-23
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

The production and application process of organic fertilizers generally requires additional labor compared to chemical fertilizers which are more instantaneous. Diversification of fertilizer use, especially the shift of some farmers to organic fertilizers, is not only driven by ecological considerations, but also by opportunities to increase economic added value that is labor intensive. This study aims to test and measure the extent to which diversification of organic and inorganic fertilizers has an impact on agricultural employment in Central Java. The analytical tools used are Labor Multiplier, Employment Opportunity Elasticity, and Employment Opportunity Growth Rate Calculation. The results of the analysis show that diversification of agricultural inputs in Central Java, especially through increased use of organic fertilizers, has a significant impact on job creation and sustainability of the agricultural sector. Although the allocation of organic fertilizer in the subsidy scheme is still low (around 4%), the trend of increasing adoption by farmers, the surge in certified land area, and the increase in the labor multiplier from 1.08 to 1.10 indicate that this environmentally friendly input has great potential as a labor-intensive lever of the village economy.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 108 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • Sultan Agung Islamic University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Pramesti DewiAffiliation unknown4
Sucihatiningsih Dian Wisika PrajantiState University of Semarang4
Dewi MustikaningtyasAffiliation unknown3
Amin RetnoningsihAffiliation unknown3
Siti Harnina BintariAffiliation unknown2
Edi KurniawanUniversitas Sumatera Utara2
Rusdarti RusdartiAffiliation unknown2
Sri NgabektiState University of Semarang2
Yustinus Ulung AnggraitoAffiliation unknown2
Wahyu WidodoSultan Agung Islamic University1
Fira Putri Nur AwwaliaAffiliation unknown1
Ghani WalandipaAffiliation unknown1
Noor Aini HabibahAffiliation unknown1
Nur WijawatiAffiliation unknown1
Fajar MusafaAffiliation unknown1
Khoirul MukhtarAffiliation unknown1
Y. Ulung AnggraitoAffiliation unknown1
Nadya Audina Nurkhafiya SadikinAffiliation unknown1
Niken SubektiState University of Semarang1
Ning SetiatiAffiliation unknown1
Mutiarani Kartika DewiAffiliation unknown1
Tristiana Hidayatul WahidahAffiliation unknown1
Siti SulaihaAffiliation unknown1
Enni Suwarsi RahayuState University of Semarang1
Ely RudyatmiAffiliation unknown1
Reny RahayuAffiliation unknown1
Andin IrsadiState University of Semarang1
Nugroho Edi KartijonoState University of Semarang1
Afia Firna WahidaAffiliation unknown1
Etty SoesilowatiAffiliation unknown1
Grace Natalia MarpaungAffiliation unknown1
Yozi Aulia RahmanAffiliation unknown1
Yustiko Arvan Gilang PangestuAffiliation unknown1
Indah SusilowatiAffiliation unknown1
Benny ImantriaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jejak/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 6 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Fertilizer Diversification as a Pathway to Agricultural Employment Growth in Central Java</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Dian Wisika Prajanti, Sucihatiningsih</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Litaay, Christina </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Widiatningrum, Talitha</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rizky Amelia, Dhea </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wicaksana, Tania</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agricultural</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diversification</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Employment</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fertilizer</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Organic</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The production and application process of organic fertilizers generally requires additional labor compared to chemical fertilizers which are more instantaneous. Diversification of fertilizer use, especially the shift of some farmers to organic fertilizers, is not only driven by ecological considerations, but also by opportunities to increase economic added value that is labor intensive. This study aims to test and measure the extent to which diversification of organic and inorganic fertilizers has an impact on agricultural employment in Central Java. The analytical tools used are Labor Multiplier, Employment Opportunity Elasticity, and Employment Opportunity Growth Rate Calculation. The results of the analysis show that diversification of agricultural inputs in Central Java, especially through increased use of organic fertilizers, has a significant impact on job creation and sustainability of the agricultural sector. Although the allocation of organic fertilizer in the subsidy scheme is still low (around 4%), the trend of increasing adoption by farmers, the surge in certified land area, and the increase in the labor multiplier from 1.08 to 1.10 indicate that this environmentally friendly input has great potential as a labor-intensive lever of the village economy.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-01-23</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jejak/article/view/29875</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jejak.v18i2.29875</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">JEJAK; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): September 2025; 31-42</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-5123</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1979-715X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jejak.v18i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jejak/article/view/29875/8254</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 JEJAK</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>