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Understanding Carok in Madura: Legal Reform from Criminal Law and Islamic Law Perspective

Journal of Law and Legal Reform · Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024) · pp. 613–632

DOI
10.15294/jllr.vol5i2.3921
ISSN
2715-0968, 2715-0941
Published
2024-04-30
Publisher
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstract

This article aimed to describe Carok nowadays from the perspective of criminal law and Islamic law. Carok is a traditional sort of vengeance or conflict seen in specific parts of Indonesia, particularly Madura, East Java. It usually consists of armed battles between groups or people, often resulting from long-standing feuds or disputes over land, honour, or revenge. Carok episodes can be violent and even fatal, and they are firmly ingrained in local cultural and social dynamics. A feeling of honour and pride frequently drives conflicts, and they can be difficult to resolve through normal legal processes. Carok was well-known for the Madurese killing (maybe similar to Hara-kiri in Japan, Sati in India, and so on), which moved on from the beginning as honour killing to nowadays as criminalization. This article intends to conduct legal research, similar to socio-legal research, due to the experience of the author(s) as Madurese, and involving several native Madurese people and figures in the research, such as religious leaders and law enforcers. As a result, this article found that Carok nowadays has identical meanings and punishment in Indonesian criminal law and Islamic law.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 92 co-authorship links · 47 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Universitas Sulawesi Barat
  • Universitas Almuslim
  • Lancaster University
  • Sebelas Maret University
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Sultan Zainal Abidin University
  • Other organisations
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Zaka Firma AdityaAndalas University7
Ahmad SiboyUniversitas Islam Malang7
Asrul Ibrahim NurUniversity of Debrecen4
Nur Putri HidayahUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang3
Hari Sutra DisemadiInternational University of Batam3
Putri Shafarina ThahirUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang2
Ratri Novita ErdiantiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang2
Abdul Kadir JaelaniSebelas Maret University2
Resti Dian LuthviatiSebelas Maret University2
Muhammad Jihadul HayatSunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta2
Aan Eko WidiartoUniversity of Brawijaya2
Muhammad NurLancaster University2
Syariful AlamUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang2
Merve Özkan BorsaIstanbul University2
Ridwan Syah NuhunUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Siti Nurjanah AhmadUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nurul HidayahSultan Agung Islamic University1
Dinil QaiyimahAffiliation unknown1
Misdar AmdahAffiliation unknown1
Mulianti MuliantiAffiliation unknown1
Nasrul NasrulPoltekkes Kemenkes Palu1
Nurfadilah NurfadilahAffiliation unknown1
Halus SatriawanUniversitas Almuslim1
Ernawita ErnawitaUniversitas Almuslim1
Cut Ayu LizarUniversitas Almuslim1
Laila QadriniUniversitas Sulawesi Barat1
Fardinah FardinahUniversitas Sulawesi Barat1
H HikmahUniversitas Sulawesi Barat1
Rahmah AbubakarUniversitas Sulawesi Barat1
Nadia SalsabilahUniversitas Sulawesi Barat1
Juli AstutikUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Zaenal AbidinUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Shannaz Mutiara DeniarUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Norhasliza GhapacSultan Zainal Abidin University1
Adi Syahid Mohd AliUniversiti Utara Malaysia1
Tuan Muhammad Zukri Tuan SembokUniversiti Utara Malaysia1
Suyatno LadiqiSultan Zainal Abidin University1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Understanding Carok in Madura: Legal Reform from Criminal Law and Islamic Law Perspective</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Haris, Haris</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Al-Fatih, Sholahuddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nur, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Carok</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Madura </dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Islamic Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Indonesia</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This article aimed to describe Carok nowadays from the perspective of criminal law and Islamic law. Carok is a traditional sort of vengeance or conflict seen in specific parts of Indonesia, particularly Madura, East Java. It usually consists of armed battles between groups or people, often resulting from long-standing feuds or disputes over land, honour, or revenge. Carok episodes can be violent and even fatal, and they are firmly ingrained in local cultural and social dynamics. A feeling of honour and pride frequently drives conflicts, and they can be difficult to resolve through normal legal processes. Carok was well-known for the Madurese killing (maybe similar to Hara-kiri in Japan, Sati in India, and so on), which moved on from the beginning as honour killing to nowadays as criminalization. This article intends to conduct legal research, similar to socio-legal research, due to the experience of the author(s) as Madurese, and involving several native Madurese people and figures in the research, such as religious leaders and law enforcers. As a result, this article found that Carok nowadays has identical meanings and punishment in Indonesian criminal law and Islamic law.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-04-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/3921</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jllr.vol5i2.3921</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Law and Legal Reform; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Justice and Law Reform in Various Perspectives; 613-632</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0968</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0941</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jllr.vol5i2.%a</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/3921/367</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2024 Haris Haris, Sholahuddin Al-Fatih, Muhammad Nur (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>