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Critical Analysis of Living Law Formulation in Law No. 1 of 2023 Concerning the Criminal Code: Towards Law Reform to Realize Justice with the Spirit of Pancasila

Journal of Law and Legal Reform · Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024) · pp. 1029–1066

DOI
10.15294/jllr.v5i3.13923
ISSN
2715-0968, 2715-0941
Published
2024-10-31
Publisher
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstract

The government is trying to reform national law in the field of criminal law by drafting a Criminal Code Bill (RUU KUHP) to replace Wetboek van Strafrecht. The culmination of this preparation was the promulgation of the Criminal Code Bill on January 2, 2023, through Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, there are not many articles that discuss the process and critical analysis of living law formulation as stated in the provisions of Article 2 of the Criminal Code and their explanations. The research method used was legal research with statute, historical, comparative legal, and conceptual approaches. The results of this research conclude that the living laws are formulated inconsistently in terms of scientific substance. In order to make this formulation can realize justice based on Pancasila, it can be achieved in several ways. First, there is a need to reinterpret living legal concepts by involving experts in customary law, legal anthropology, legal sociology, and interdisciplinary legal researchers. Second, redefining the meaning of law that lives within the body of the Criminal Code is not limited to customary law, especially the principle of legality, but also includes customary law and traditional laws in traditional societies. Third, formulating formal law/criminal procedural law as the enforcer of material criminal law/National Criminal Code by re-establishing and recognizing customary courts in the Indonesian criminal justice system whose application in society is to realize the fifth principle of social justice for all Indonesian people from Pancasila.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 86 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

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  • Diponegoro University
  • Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
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  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Kiki KristantoAffiliation unknown4
Zainal ArifinAffiliation unknown3
Ariesta Wibisono AndityaAffiliation unknown3
Benny SumardianaAffiliation unknown3
Eka Nugraha PutraAffiliation unknown3
Mikhael FekaAffiliation unknown2
Emi Puasa HandayaniAffiliation unknown2
Panca Sarjana PutraAffiliation unknown2
Papontee TeeraphanAffiliation unknown2
Firdaus ArifinAffiliation unknown2
Anis WidyawatiAffiliation unknown2
Pujiyono PujiyonoAffiliation unknown2
Ridwan ArifinAffiliation unknown2
Duwi AryadiDiponegoro University1
Jhuanda Fratama KharismunandarDiponegoro University1
Joice SorayaAffiliation unknown1
PujiyonoAffiliation unknown1
R.B SulartoAffiliation unknown1
Ana Tasia PaseAffiliation unknown1
Hendri DwiyantoAffiliation unknown1
Agus ManfaluthiAffiliation unknown1
Timotius Febry Cristian Wahyu SutrisnoAffiliation unknown1
Trinas Dewi HariyanaAffiliation unknown1
Ali Huristak Hartawan HasibuanAffiliation unknown1
Mahmud MulyadiUniversitas Sumatera Utara1
Achmad CholidinAffiliation unknown1
Iskandar ISKANDARAffiliation unknown1
Lestari SinagaAffiliation unknown1
Nurhayati MardinAffiliation unknown1
Kasmanto RinaldiAffiliation unknown1
Eduard QuikoAffiliation unknown1
Andini Kusuma PutriAffiliation unknown1
Darminto HartonoAffiliation unknown1
Beniharmoni HarefaAffiliation unknown1
Kayus K LewolebaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Critical Analysis of Living Law Formulation in Law No. 1 of 2023 Concerning the Criminal Code: Towards Law Reform to Realize Justice with the Spirit of Pancasila</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hardinanto, Aris</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Arief, Barda Nawawi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Setiyono, Joko </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fernando, Zico Junius </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sabrina, Nahdiya</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal Code</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Living Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Customary Criminal Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The government is trying to reform national law in the field of criminal law by drafting a Criminal Code Bill (RUU KUHP) to replace Wetboek van Strafrecht. The culmination of this preparation was the promulgation of the Criminal Code Bill on January 2, 2023, through Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, there are not many articles that discuss the process and critical analysis of living law formulation as stated in the provisions of Article 2 of the Criminal Code and their explanations. The research method used was legal research with statute, historical, comparative legal, and conceptual approaches. The results of this research conclude that the living laws are formulated inconsistently in terms of scientific substance. In order to make this formulation can realize justice based on Pancasila, it can be achieved in several ways. First, there is a need to reinterpret living legal concepts by involving experts in customary law, legal anthropology, legal sociology, and interdisciplinary legal researchers. Second, redefining the meaning of law that lives within the body of the Criminal Code is not limited to customary law, especially the principle of legality, but also includes customary law and traditional laws in traditional societies. Third, formulating formal law/criminal procedural law as the enforcer of material criminal law/National Criminal Code by re-establishing and recognizing customary courts in the Indonesian criminal justice system whose application in society is to realize the fifth principle of social justice for all Indonesian people from Pancasila.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-10-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/13923</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jllr.v5i3.13923</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Law and Legal Reform; Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Various Issues on Law Reform in Indonesia and Beyond; 1029-1066</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0968</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0941</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jllr.v5i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/13923/2141</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2024 Aris Hardinanto, Barda Nawawi Arief, Joko  Setiyono, Zico Junius  Fernando, Nahdiya Sabrina (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>