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Reconstructing Legal Protection of Mining-Affected Communities’ Rights through Participatory Justice in Indonesia

Journal of Law and Legal Reform · Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026) · pp. 1819–1856

DOI
10.15294/jllr.v7i3.53936
ISSN
2715-0968, 2715-0941
Published
2026-07-13
Publisher
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstract

Mining activities in Indonesia have contributed significantly to economic development, but have also generated adverse impacts on communities living in mining-affected areas. The existing legal framework predominantly emphasizes compensation for losses while providing limited protection of community rights through meaningful participation in mining governance. This study aims to reconstruct the legal protection of mining-affected communities’ rights through a participatory justice approach within Indonesia’s mining governance system. The main problem addressed in this research is the inadequacy of current regulations in ensuring substantive and procedural rights for communities affected by mining operations. This research employs a normative legal method, drawing on statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, to analyze mining regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant governance principles. The findings reveal that current regulations tend to position mining-affected communities as beneficiaries of compensation rather than as rights holders with the capacity to participate in decision-making processes. As a result, community involvement remains limited, legal protection is fragmented, and social conflicts frequently arise due to unequal power relations between mining companies and local communities. The study further finds that the absence of effective mechanisms for participation, transparency, accountability, and equitable benefit-sharing weakens the realization of justice in mining governance. This research concludes that the reconstruction of legal protection should be based on participatory justice by strengthening community participation, recognizing both substantive and procedural rights, and establishing inclusive governance mechanisms. Such reconstruction is expected to enhance legal certainty, reduce conflicts, and promote a more equitable and sustainable mining governance system in Indonesia.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 102 co-authorship links · 17 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • State University of Malang
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim
  • State University of Makassar
  • Asian Institute of Technology
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • University of Brawijaya
  • Other organisations
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sumarmi SumarmiState University of Malang7
Abdul KadirUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Indah Sri UtariAffiliation unknown3
A.Riyan Rahman HakikiAffiliation unknown3
Tabita May HidiyahAffiliation unknown3
Syamsul AlamUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Aminuddin AminuddinAffiliation unknown2
Diandra Preludio RamadaAffiliation unknown2
Syarifuddin DollahState University of Makassar2
Amirullah AbduhAffiliation unknown2
Muhammad Azwar ParammaAffiliation unknown2
Sugeng UtayaState University of Malang2
Listyo Yudha IrawanAffiliation unknown2
I Komang AstinaAffiliation unknown2
Rajendra Prasad ShresthaAffiliation unknown2
Egi Nursari BillahAffiliation unknown2
Nanda Regita PutriAffiliation unknown2
Mellinia Regina PrastiwiAffiliation unknown2
Saiful AminUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Singgih SusiloState University of Malang1
Ramadhani Lausi MkumbachiAffiliation unknown1
Ahmad GhoziUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Yuita Arum SariUniversity of Brawijaya1
Nasa Zata DinaAsian Institute of Technology1
Aji Akbar FirdausUniversitas Airlangga1
Mochammad Nafkhan AlzamzamiAffiliation unknown1
Hasni HasniUniversitas Halu Oleo1
St. FatmawatiUniversitas Sulawesi Tenggara1
Nur AzizahAffiliation unknown1
Wiwik HidayatiAffiliation unknown1
Adrian TawaiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Eriyanti EriyantiAffiliation unknown1
Akhmad SukardiInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari1
Zulfiah LarisuUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Arjuna Muh. AminAffiliation unknown1
Andi Rendy Faudzan MasdinAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Reconstructing Legal Protection of Mining-Affected Communities’ Rights through Participatory Justice in Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mayasari, Riezka Eka</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Bachri, Syamsul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Basri, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Alias, Nizamuddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal Protection</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mining-Affected Communities</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Participatory Justice</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mining Governance</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Community Rights</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Mining activities in Indonesia have contributed significantly to economic development, but have also generated adverse impacts on communities living in mining-affected areas. The existing legal framework predominantly emphasizes compensation for losses while providing limited protection of community rights through meaningful participation in mining governance. This study aims to reconstruct the legal protection of mining-affected communities’ rights through a participatory justice approach within Indonesia’s mining governance system. The main problem addressed in this research is the inadequacy of current regulations in ensuring substantive and procedural rights for communities affected by mining operations. This research employs a normative legal method, drawing on statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, to analyze mining regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant governance principles. The findings reveal that current regulations tend to position mining-affected communities as beneficiaries of compensation rather than as rights holders with the capacity to participate in decision-making processes. As a result, community involvement remains limited, legal protection is fragmented, and social conflicts frequently arise due to unequal power relations between mining companies and local communities. The study further finds that the absence of effective mechanisms for participation, transparency, accountability, and equitable benefit-sharing weakens the realization of justice in mining governance. This research concludes that the reconstruction of legal protection should be based on participatory justice by strengthening community participation, recognizing both substantive and procedural rights, and establishing inclusive governance mechanisms. Such reconstruction is expected to enhance legal certainty, reduce conflicts, and promote a more equitable and sustainable mining governance system in Indonesia.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-07-13</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/53936</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jllr.v7i3.53936</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Law and Legal Reform; Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): July, 2026; 1819-1856</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0968</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2715-0941</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jllr.v7i3</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jllr/article/view/53936/11397</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Riezka Eka Mayasari, Syamsul Bachri, Muhammad Basri, Nizamuddin Alias (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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