PENGARUH PEMANASAN AWAL (PRE-HEATER) BAHAN BAKAR TERHADAP PERFORMA MESIN DIESEL DENGAN PEMANAS KONTROL OTOMATIS DI LABORATORIUM PENGUJIAN PERFORMA MESIN JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN FT UNNES

Abstract

Abstrak Mesin diesel sering digunakan berdasarkan kemampuan yang dimilikinya, namun masih terdapat beberapa kendala yang meneyebabkan kinerja mesin kurang optimal padahal sudah menggunakan bahan bakar sesuai standar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh yang terjadi pada viskositas dan densitas Dexlite serta performa mesin diesel dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan alat pemanas kontrol otomatis pada spesimen uji mobil Isuzu Panther C233T dalam putaran 1600-4200 rpm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemanasan Dexlite cenderung menurunkan viskositas dan densitas serta nilai rata-rata performa. Nilai torsi tertinggi diperoleh dengan Dexlite temperatur normal pada 2100 rpm sebesar 167.4 Nm, serta daya tertinggi pada 4000 rpm sebesar 59.64 Kw. Hasil rata-rata pemanasan dengan temperatur 50oC,60oC,70oC dan 80oC berturut-turut menurunkan torsi sebesar 0.52%,3.48%,3.73% dan 3.63%, serta penurunan daya sebesar 0.71%,2.94%,3.94% dan 4.51% dibanding Dexlite temperatur normal. terjadi sedikit kenaikan torsi dan daya saat temperatur 50oC pada 2700-3800 rpm dengan rata-rata kenaikan sebesar 1,33% dan 1,38%. Abstract Diesel engines are often used based on their capabilities, but there are still some obstacles that cause engine performance to be less than optimal even though they are already using standard fuel. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect that occurs on the viscosity and density of Dexlite as well as the performance of a diesel engine with an experimental method using an automatic control heater on a test specimen of the Isuzu Panther C233T car at 1600-4200 rpm. The results showed that heating Dexlite tends to decrease the viscosity and density as well as the average value of performance. The highest torque value is obtained with normal temperature Dexlite at 2100 rpm of 167.4 Nm, and the highest power at 4000 rpm of 59.64 Kw. The average results of heating with temperatures of 50oC, 60oC, 70oC and 80oC, respectively, reduce torque by 0.52%, 3.48%, 3.73% and 3.63%, and decrease in power by 0.71%,2.94%, 3.94% and 4.51% compared to normal temperature Dexlite. there is a slight increase in torque and power when the temperature is 50oC at 2700-3800 rpm with an average increase of 1.33% and 1.38%.