PENGARUH ASUPAN MICRO NUTRIENT, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN JENIS KELAMIN TERHADAP KEBUGARAN JASMANI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PENDERITA ANEMIA

Abstract

AbstrakSiswa penderita anemia sedang di 16 sekolah dasar negeri kecamatan Sako Kenten baik putra dan putri menjadiobyek penelitian ini. Perbaikan kualitas kesehatan mereka dilakukan dengan asupan Fe, folat dan vitamin C. Aktivitasfisik berupa permaianan bola tangan maupun permainan bola basket juga dilakukan agar terjadi peningkatankebugaran jasmani dan peningkatan kadar Hb bagi sampel penderita anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengujipengaruh asupan micro nutrient, aktivitas fisik dan jenis kelamin terhadap peningkatan kebugaran jasmani dankadar Hb, serta menguji hubungan (korelasi) antara kebugaran jasmani dengan kadar Hb. Desain penelitian yangdipakai adalah rancangan faktorial 2 x 2 x 2, sehingga diperoleh 8 kombinasi perlakuan. Penelitian dilaksanakanterhadap 56 siswa SD putra dan 56 siswa Putri, sehingga diperoleh 112 sampel. Analisis data yang dipakai adalahAnalysis of Variance (ANOVA), analisis korelasi Pearson dan uji t. Berdasarkan analisis data penelitian diperolehhasil penelitian faktor asupan micro nutrient, faktor aktivitas fisik dan faktor jenis kelamin berpengaruh terhadaptingkat kebugaran jasmani. Interaksi asupan micro nutrient dan aktivitas fisik, interaksi micro nutrient dan jeniskelamin, interaksi aktivitas fisik dan jenis kelamin, serta interaksi asupan micro nutrient dan aktivitas fisik dan jeniskelamin berpengaruh terhadap kebugaran jasmani. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan asupan Fe+Folat+vit. Cmemberikan tingkat kebugaran jasmani dibandingkan dengan asupan Fe+Folat+vit.C. Aktivitas fisik bola tanganmemberikan tingkat kebugaran lebih baik dibandingkan bola basket. Aktivitas fisik jenis kelamin perempuan lebihbaik dalam peningkatan kebugaran jasmani dibandingkan jenis kelamin laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian telahditemukan suatu formula untuk menyembuhkan anemia siswa sekolah dasar kelas 4 dan 5, dengan asupan micronutrien baik komposisi Fe+ Folat maupun Fe+Folat+vitamin C. sedangkan aktivitas fisik melakukan permainanbola tangan dan permainan bola basket, juga dapat meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani baik siswa putera maupunsiswa puteri.berdasarkan hasil temuan disarankan (1) Bagi guru pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatanSekolah Dasar dalam mengajar pendidikan jasmani harus memberikan pemahaman tentang gizi kepada siswasekolah dasar sehingga siswa mengerti akan pentingnya gizi bagi kehidupan. (2) Bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar disarankanuntuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan kalori saat melakukan aktivitas olahraga sehingga tidak terjadi anemia. (3)Bagi peneliti agar melakukan penelitian atau mereplikasikan penelitian untuk lebih meyakinkan hasil belajar dandapat mengembangkannya lebih lanjut disarankan untuk melakukan kontrol lebih tepat dalam rangkaian proseseksperimen serta kontrol terhadap variabel bebas diluar variabel yang diteliti. (4) Melakukan penelitian asupanmicro nutrient aktivitas fisik pada cabang olahraga yang lain. AbstractModerate anemic students in 16 state elementary schools in Sako Kenten district both male and female students became the objectof this study. They got the intake of Fe, folate and vitamin C in order to improve their health quality. Moreover, physical activityin the form of handball or basketball games was given to enable the improvement of physical fitness and Hb levels to the anemicsamples. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of micro nutrient intake, physical activity and sex towards the improvementof physical fitness and Hb levels, and examine the relationship (correlation) between physical fitness with Hb levels.Thisstudy used factorial design 2 x 2 x 2, with eight treatment combinations. The experiment was conducted on 56 male and 56 femaleelementary students, in order to obtain 112 samples. Data Analysis used was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlationanalysis and t test. After analyzing the data, the result showed micro nutrient intake factor, physical activity factor, and sex factorthat had an effect on the level of physical fitness. Further, interaction of micro nutrient intake and physical activity, interactionof micro nutrient and sex, interaction of physical activity and sex, as well as interaction of micro nutrient intake and physicalactivity and sex had an effect on the physical fitness. The result also indicated that intake of Fe+Folat+Vit C gave physical fitnessdegree comparing with the intake of Fe+Folat+Vit C. Physical activity in form of handball game gave better physical degree thanbasketball. Female student physical activity was better than male students in the improvement of physical fitness.Based on theresults of studies, a formula to cure the anemia of elementary school students grades 4 and 5 was found, with micro nutrient intakeof both composition of Fe + folate and Fe+Folat+vitamin C. Meanwhile physical activity such as handball and basketball games,also could improve students’ physical fitness both male and female students. Based on the findings, it is suggested that: (1) Sportsand physical education teachers at elementary school should provide an understanding of nutrition to the students so that theyunderstand the importance of nutrition for life. (2) Primary school students shall fill the caloric needs during sports activities sothere will be no anemia. (3) Researcher shall conduct studies to replicate more convincing learning outcomes; for the further recommendation,more precise controls in experiments process series and independent variables beyond the variable shall be investigated.(4) Research on Micro Nutrient intake of physical activity on other sports shall be conducted.