Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Journal

Arduino-Based ECU Simulator and OBD-II Scanner for Electric Vehicle Diagnostics with CAN BUS

Jurnal Teknik Elektro · Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026) · pp. 40–45

DOI
10.15294/jte.v18i1.41900
ISSN
2549-1571, 1411-0059
Published
2026-06-30
Publisher
LPPM Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) require reliable and accurate diagnostic systems to ensure the performance, safety, and efficiency of their electrical and electronic components. This study presents the design and development of an Arduino-based Electronic Control Unit (ECU) simulator and an On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD-II) scanner for electric vehicle diagnostics, both using the Controller Area Network (CAN) communication protocol. The ECU simulator is built using an Arduino Mega 2560 and an MCP2515 CAN controller, equipped with potentiometers and push buttons to simulate various EV operating parameters such as motor speed, vehicle speed, battery voltage, temperature, state of charge, and regenerative braking conditions, as well as to generate Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs). The OBD-II scanner is developed using an Arduino Uno, MCP2515 module, and a Nextion HMI LCD to support live data monitoring, DTC reading, and DTC clearing in accordance with SAE J1979 standards. System performance was evaluated using a CAN analyzer to verify frame structure, arbitration behaviors, data integrity, and communication reliability. The experimental results show that all transmitted CAN frames conform to the ISO 11898 standard and are correctly interpreted by the OBD-II scanner. The system achieved data accuracy of approximately 97% with an average response time of ±100 ms, indicating stable, reliable communication. The developed platform provides a low-cost, flexible, and effective solution for electric vehicle diagnostics, education, and laboratory testing without requiring real vehicles. It can serve as a foundation for future research involving multi-ECU communication and additional OBD protocols.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 115 co-authorship links · 56 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
  • Universiti Malaysia Perlis
  • Islamic Azad University Yasuj
  • Diponegoro University
  • Universiti Sains Malaysia
  • Other organisations
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Auzani JidinUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka39
Nik Rumzi Nik IdrisUniversity of Technology Malaysia31
Mohd Hatta JopriUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka18
Awang JusohUniversity of Technology Malaysia17
Mohammad JannatiUniversity of Technology Malaysia16
Mohd Junaidi Abdul AzizUniversity of Technology Malaysia16
Kasrul Abdul KarimUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka13
Mustafa ManapUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka12
Mohamed SalemUniversiti Sains Malaysia10
Abdul Rahim AbdullahUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka9
Lina HandayaniUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan8
Shahreen binti KasimTun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia8
Mahmoud ZadehbagheriIslamic Azad University Yasuj8
Siti Azura Ahmad TarusanUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka7
Nor Azizah Mohd YusoffUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka7
Shahrin Md AyobUniversity of Technology Malaysia7
Mochammad FactaDiponegoro University7
Aiman Zakwan JidinUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka6
Mohammad Faridun Naim TajuddinUniversiti Malaysia Perlis6
Ibrahim AlhamrouniUniversity of Kuala Lumpur6
Hendril Satrian PurnamaAffiliation unknown6
Watra ArsadiandoAffiliation unknown6
M. Rahimi YusoffUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka5
Azralmukmin AzmiUniversiti Malaysia Perlis5
Norjulia Mohamad NordinUniversity of Technology Malaysia5
Wahyu Sapto AjiUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan5
Munawar Agus RiyadiDiponegoro University4
Imam Much Ibnu SubrotoSultan Agung Islamic University4
Muhammad AdoUniversity of Technology Malaysia4
Anggit PamungkasAffiliation unknown4
Ibrahim Mohd AlsofyaniUniversity of Technology Malaysia4
Mohammad Javad KianiIslamic Azad University Yasuj4
Vahdat NazerianUniversity of Mazandaran4
Muhammad Zaid AihsanUniversiti Malaysia Perlis4
Chibuike Peter OhanuUniversity of Nigeria4
Rahim IldarabadiHakim Sabzevari University4

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jte/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Arduino-Based ECU Simulator and OBD-II Scanner for Electric Vehicle Diagnostics with CAN BUS</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sutikno, Tole</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mulyadi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ali Akbar, Son </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wahono, Tri</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Arduino</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">DTC</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Electrical Vehicle</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">LCD HMI</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">OBD </dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Electric vehicles (EVs) require reliable and accurate diagnostic systems to ensure the performance, safety, and efficiency of their electrical and electronic components. This study presents the design and development of an Arduino-based Electronic Control Unit (ECU) simulator and an On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD-II) scanner for electric vehicle diagnostics, both using the Controller Area Network (CAN) communication protocol. The ECU simulator is built using an Arduino Mega 2560 and an MCP2515 CAN controller, equipped with potentiometers and push buttons to simulate various EV operating parameters such as motor speed, vehicle speed, battery voltage, temperature, state of charge, and regenerative braking conditions, as well as to generate Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs). The OBD-II scanner is developed using an Arduino Uno, MCP2515 module, and a Nextion HMI LCD to support live data monitoring, DTC reading, and DTC clearing in accordance with SAE J1979 standards. System performance was evaluated using a CAN analyzer to verify frame structure, arbitration behaviors, data integrity, and communication reliability. The experimental results show that all transmitted CAN frames conform to the ISO 11898 standard and are correctly interpreted by the OBD-II scanner. The system achieved data accuracy of approximately 97% with an average response time of ±100 ms, indicating stable, reliable communication. The developed platform provides a low-cost, flexible, and effective solution for electric vehicle diagnostics, education, and laboratory testing without requiring real vehicles. It can serve as a foundation for future research involving multi-ECU communication and additional OBD protocols.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">LPPM Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jte/article/view/41900</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jte.v18i1.41900</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Teknik Elektro; Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026); 40-45</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-1571</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1411-0059</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jte.v18i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jte/article/view/41900/10535</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Teknik Elektro</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>