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Anemia in Pregnancy Based on Rural and Urban Areas

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat · Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025) · pp. 126–135

DOI
10.15294/kemas.v21i1.22585
ISSN
2355-3596, 1858-1196
Published
2025-07-30
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)
Language
eng

Abstract

From 2013 to 2018, the proportion of anemia in pregnant women in urban and rural areas increased from 37.1% to 48.9%. This study aims to analyze the differences in determinants of anemia in pregnancy based on place of residence. Research was conducted in 2024. The research sample in rural areas was 39 pregnant women with anemia, and in urban areas was 31 pregnant women with anemia. Ratio scale data, including nutritional intake, is tested for normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, then tested using the t-independent test. Other variables are tested using the Mann-Whitney test. Regarding the various determinant factors studied, including the age of pregnant women, nutritional status, and gravida status, there is no significant difference (p-value > 0.05) in pregnant women with anemia in rural and urban areas. There is a significant difference (p-value < 0.05) between nutritional knowledge, food expenditure, and nutritional intake in pregnant women with anemia in rural and urban areas. Based on the determinant factors of anemia in pregnancy studied, food expenditure, nutritional knowledge of pregnant women, protein, iron, and vitamin C intake in pregnant women with anemia in rural and urban areas differ significantly.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

25 authors · 95 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sa'bania Hari RaharjengAffiliation unknown9
Dini SetiarsihAffiliation unknown3
Mery IndartiningsihAffiliation unknown3
Choirinah Fadhilatur RohmahAffiliation unknown3
Aisyah Nur SafitriAffiliation unknown3
Vera Desianti Ika HaryonoAffiliation unknown3
Sri Eni HartatiAffiliation unknown1
Sungkowo Edy MulyonoAffiliation unknown1
Ali SunarsoAffiliation unknown1
Nanda Rizma FaradibaAffiliation unknown1
Muthmainnah MuthmainnahUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Edi Dwi RiyantoAffiliation unknown1
Trias MahmudionoAffiliation unknown1
Diah IndrianiUniversitas Airlangga1
Ira DwijayantiAffiliation unknown1
Muji SulistyowatiAffiliation unknown1
Sasha Anggita RamadhanAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Anemia in Pregnancy Based on Rural and Urban Areas</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wulandari, Catur</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putri, Pratiwi Hariyani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mutiarani, Anugrah Linda</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nuriannisa, Farah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hisbullah, Farda Jamalia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mabruroh, Farah Nur Laily</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lu'luah, Jauharotul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Solekha, Miftakhul</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Anemia</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">pregnancy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">risk factors</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Urban-rural Gaps</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">From 2013 to 2018, the proportion of anemia in pregnant women in urban and rural areas increased from 37.1% to 48.9%. This study aims to analyze the differences in determinants of anemia in pregnancy based on place of residence. Research was conducted in 2024. The research sample in rural areas was 39 pregnant women with anemia, and in urban areas was 31 pregnant women with anemia. Ratio scale data, including nutritional intake, is tested for normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, then tested using the t-independent test. Other variables are tested using the Mann-Whitney test. Regarding the various determinant factors studied, including the age of pregnant women, nutritional status, and gravida status, there is no significant difference (p-value &amp;gt; 0.05) in pregnant women with anemia in rural and urban areas. There is a significant difference (p-value &amp;lt; 0.05) between nutritional knowledge, food expenditure, and nutritional intake in pregnant women with anemia in rural and urban areas. Based on the determinant factors of anemia in pregnancy studied, food expenditure, nutritional knowledge of pregnant women, protein, iron, and vitamin C intake in pregnant women with anemia in rural and urban areas differ significantly.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/article/view/22585</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/kemas.v21i1.22585</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat; Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025); 126-135</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2355-3596</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1858-1196</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/kemas.v21i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas/article/view/22585/5858</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>