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User Experience Improvement (MSMEs and Buyers) Mobile AR Using Design Thinking Methods

Scientific Journal of Informatics · Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 235–246

DOI
10.15294/sji.v12i2.24088
ISSN
2407-7658, 2460-0040
Published
2025-06-24
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Purpose: This research aims to improve the User Experience (UX) of Augmented Reality (AR) mobile applications for MSMEs and buyers through the Design Thinking method. This research solves the problem of suboptimal UX in AR-based mobile applications. This study hypothesizes that the application of Design Thinking can result in significant improvements in the UX of AR mobile applications, which is evidenced by an increase in heuristic evaluation scores. Methods: The Design Thinking approach (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test) is implemented. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and heuristic evaluation questionnaires. Result: Initial heuristic testing showed several usability problems in the developed AR mobile applications, such as Help and Documentation (H10), Recognition Rather than Recall (H6), and Error Prevention (H5). After the application of the Design Thinking method and design iteration, the heuristic testing showed that the results of the evaluation comparison before and after the improvement showed a high effectiveness of the corrective actions taken, with an average decrease in severity score of 37% based on the Nielsen scale (0–4), indicating that the most critical and major issues were successfully reduced to cosmetic or minor levels. Novelty: This research contributes in the form of a practical framework to improve the UX of AR mobile applications for MSMEs and buyers by utilizing the Design Thinking method. The results of this research can be a reference for developers in designing user-friendly AR mobile applications.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

30 authors · 55 co-authorship links · 2 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Diponegoro University
  • University of Indonesia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Dinar Mutiara Kusumo NugraheniDiponegoro University4
Budi WarsitoDiponegoro University2
R. Rizal IsnantoDiponegoro University2
Farikhin FarikhinDiponegoro University2
Wahyul Amien SyafeiDiponegoro University2
Nurhita RahmawatiAffiliation unknown2
Rahmat GernowoDiponegoro University1
Naretha Kawadha Pasemah GumayDiponegoro University1
Dania EridaniDiponegoro University1
Muhammad Hafiz TsalavinDiponegoro University1
Fitriana MasrurohDiponegoro University1
Willy Bima AlfajriDiponegoro University1
Yusraka Dimas Al ImanDiponegoro University1
Nitami Lestari PutriDiponegoro University1
Eko Didik WidiantoDiponegoro University1
Gayuh Nurul HudaDiponegoro University1
Rineka Brylian Akbar SatrianiDiponegoro University1
Rizki Galang RahmadaniAffiliation unknown1
Nouvel Izza FardanaAffiliation unknown1
Alief Flostyo ZUlfiqor RoshifAffiliation unknown1
Dinar Mutiara Kusumo NugraeniAffiliation unknown1
Hardi SuyitnoAffiliation unknown1
Fitri KensiwiAffiliation unknown1
Nuzulul Khairu NissaUniversity of Indonesia1
Retno KusumaningrumDiponegoro University1
Selvi Fitria KhoerunnisaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/sji/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">User Experience Improvement (MSMEs and Buyers) Mobile AR Using Design Thinking Methods</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Dwiyanasari, Desty</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nurhayati, Oky Dwi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Surarso, Bayu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nugraheni, Dinar</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Design thinking</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">User experience</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mobile AR</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">MSMEs products</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heuristic evaluation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Usability</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Purpose: This research aims to improve the User Experience (UX) of Augmented Reality (AR) mobile applications for MSMEs and buyers through the Design Thinking method. This research solves the problem of suboptimal UX in AR-based mobile applications. This study hypothesizes that the application of Design Thinking can result in significant improvements in the UX of AR mobile applications, which is evidenced by an increase in heuristic evaluation scores.
Methods: The Design Thinking approach (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test) is implemented. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and heuristic evaluation questionnaires.
Result: Initial heuristic testing showed several usability problems in the developed AR mobile applications, such as Help and Documentation (H10), Recognition Rather than Recall (H6), and Error Prevention (H5). After the application of the Design Thinking method and design iteration, the heuristic testing showed that the results of the evaluation comparison before and after the improvement showed a high effectiveness of the corrective actions taken, with an average decrease in severity score of 37% based on the Nielsen scale (0–4), indicating that the most critical and major issues were successfully reduced to cosmetic or minor levels.
Novelty: This research contributes in the form of a practical framework to improve the UX of AR mobile applications for MSMEs and buyers by utilizing the Design Thinking method. The results of this research can be a reference for developers in designing user-friendly AR mobile applications.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-06-24</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/sji/article/view/24088</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/sji.v12i2.24088</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Scientific Journal of Informatics; Vol. 12 No. 2: Regular Issue; 235-246</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2407-7658</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-0040</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/sji.v12i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/sji/article/view/24088/4573</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Scientific Journal of Informatics</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>