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The Role of Visum et Repertum as Evidence in Proving Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence Against Children: A Study of Decision Number 652/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Btm

Law Research Review Quarterly · Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026) · pp. 373–398

DOI
10.15294/lrrq.v12i1.44896
ISSN
2716-3415
Published
2026-01-23
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

In the Indonesian criminal justice system, Visum et Repertum occupies a strategic position, especially in situations where children become victims of sexual violence, as it serves as evidence that provides medical and scientific support for proving the elements of a crime. This study aims to analyze the role of Visum et Repertum in proving criminal acts of sexual violence against children and its position as material for judges' consideration in deciding cases, with a focus on Decision Number 652/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Btm. The research uses a normative legal method, combining a regulatory approach and case studies, which are then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study show that based on Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, under Article 184 paragraph (1) in relation to Article 187 of the Criminal Procedure Code, Visum et Repertum constitutes documentary evidence within the criminal justice system. However, its probative force is not autonomous, as it must be considered alongside other admissible evidence and the judge’s conviction in accordance with Article 183. Accordingly, Visum et Repertum serves as a crucial instrument in supplying objective medical findings, particularly in cases concerning sexual abuse of children. With the enactment of Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, the evidence system has undergone improvements that further emphasize the position of documentary evidence in the criminal justice process. Thus, the Visum et Repertum serves not only as a medical document but also as a legal instrument supporting the realization of material truth and the principle of assisting the judge in forming an objective and measurable legal conviction.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 134 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Ali MasyharAffiliation unknown6
Ridwan ArifinAffiliation unknown4
Anis WidyawatiAffiliation unknown3
Ratih DamayantiState University of Semarang3
Irma CahyaningtyasAffiliation unknown3
Nadhira Madania DimartiAffiliation unknown2
Rasdi RasdiAffiliation unknown2
Adrian HadiputraAffiliation unknown2
Ikram AmrullahAffiliation unknown2
Hibatullah MaajidAffiliation unknown2
Rodiyah RodiyahAffiliation unknown2
Putri Balqis Nuril HakimAffiliation unknown2
Ahmad Gelora MahardikaAffiliation unknown2
PujiyonoAffiliation unknown2
Diandra Preludio RamadaAffiliation unknown2
Firsta Rahadatul 'AisyAffiliation unknown2
Mulyo WidodoAffiliation unknown2
Wildan Azkal FikriAffiliation unknown2
Siti MursidahAffiliation unknown2
‪Eram Tunggul Pawenang‬State University of Semarang1
Muhammad AzamUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Sonny Saptoajie WicaksonoAffiliation unknown1
Indung WijayantoState University of Semarang1
Angga AnggaAffiliation unknown1
Calvin CameronAffiliation unknown1
Cahya WulandariState University of Semarang1
Dede IndraswaraAffiliation unknown1
Aisyah Nur RafidahAffiliation unknown1
Kukuh Satria WiratamaAffiliation unknown1
Shofriya Qanitatin AbidahAffiliation unknown1
Quinny Azalia PutriAffiliation unknown1
Heri PurwantoAffiliation unknown1
Didik PurnomoAffiliation unknown1
Bhanu Prakash NunnaAffiliation unknown1
Bagus Hendradi KusumaAffiliation unknown1
Indah Sri UtariAffiliation unknown1
Benny SumardianaAffiliation unknown1
Nizamuddin AliasAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/snh/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 6 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Role of Visum et Repertum as Evidence in Proving Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence Against Children: A Study of Decision Number 652/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Btm</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Christy Nada, Dinda</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muhammad Azil Maskur</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Visum et Repertum; sexual violence against children; Criminal Procedure Code; criminal procedure law.</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">In the Indonesian criminal justice system, Visum et Repertum occupies a strategic position, especially in situations where children become victims of sexual violence, as it serves as evidence that provides medical and scientific support for proving the elements of a crime. This study aims to analyze the role of Visum et Repertum in proving criminal acts of sexual violence against children and its position as material for judges' consideration in deciding cases, with a focus on Decision Number 652/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Btm. The research uses a normative legal method, combining a regulatory approach and case studies, which are then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study show that based on Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, under Article 184 paragraph (1) in relation to Article 187 of the Criminal Procedure Code, Visum et Repertum constitutes documentary evidence within the criminal justice system. However, its probative force is not autonomous, as it must be considered alongside other admissible evidence and the judge’s conviction in accordance with Article 183. Accordingly, Visum et Repertum serves as a crucial instrument in supplying objective medical findings, particularly in cases concerning sexual abuse of children. With the enactment of Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, the evidence system has undergone improvements that further emphasize the position of documentary evidence in the criminal justice process. Thus, the Visum et Repertum serves not only as a medical document but also as a legal instrument supporting the realization of material truth and the principle of assisting the judge in forming an objective and measurable legal conviction.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-01-23</dc:date>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/snh/article/view/44896</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/lrrq.v12i1.44896</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Law Research Review Quarterly; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Articles in press; 373-398</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2716-3415</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/llrq.v12i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/snh/article/view/44896/8742</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Law Research Review Quarterly</dc:rights>
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