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Sarcopenia in Indonesian Community-Dwelling Elderly: The Prevalence and Influencing Factors within the Primary Care Setting

Unnes Journal of Public Health · Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025) · pp. 31–40

DOI
10.15294/ujph.v14i1.16058
ISSN
2548-7604, 2252-6781
Published
2025-05-04
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) in cooperation with the Association of Indonesian Public Health Experts (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI))
Language
eng

Abstract

Determining the prevalence of sarcopenia and identifying associated factors can aid in early detection and treatment among community-dwelling elderly. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and identify associated factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the elderly community within the two areas of Public Health Center, Semarang, Indonesia, through random sampling. Sarcopenia was defined based on the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. Data on socio-demographics, clinical, and functional status were collected and associated factors analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Of the 153 participants, the prevalence of severe sarcopenia was 50.33%, and overall sarcopenia prevalence was 44.44%. Elderly individuals with severe sarcopenia had a mean age of 69.45, with a higher occurrence in women (79.2%) compared to men. Age (p=0.003; APR: 1.105; 95% CI: 1.035-1.180), toilet type (p=0.002; APR: 4.194; 95% CI: 1.677-10.493), and being female (p=0.049; APR: 2.341; 95% CI: 1.003-5.460) were identified as risk factors for severe sarcopenia. The prevalence of severe sarcopenia is elevated among community-dwelling elderly. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass with low handgrip strength and/or low gait speed. Routine check-ups are needed to detect sarcopenia and its risk factors in primary health care to enable early intervention for sarcopenia in the elderly.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 132 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Tyndall Centre
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Eko FaridaAffiliation unknown5
Lukman FauziAffiliation unknown4
Widya Hary CahyatiAffiliation unknown4
Amelia Fitra KhasanahAffiliation unknown3
Fitri IndrawatiAffiliation unknown2
Anisa Yulia NafsiAffiliation unknown2
Rizam Ahada Nur UlinnuhaAffiliation unknown2
Siti WahyuningsihAffiliation unknown2
Heni IsniyatiAffiliation unknown2
Nadiya Arawinda AndarAffiliation unknown2
Adi SAffiliation unknown2
Sri Indah IhsaniAffiliation unknown2
Made Bang Redy UtamaAffiliation unknown2
Rhosanna JenkinsTyndall Centre1
Sulfandi.S.Ft.,Physio.,M.Fis.,AIFO.,PhD.PT MahmuddinAffiliation unknown1
Asri Nining PertiwiAffiliation unknown1
Yuli YanaAffiliation unknown1
Dini Eka AnggraeniAffiliation unknown1
Alfina Dewi NugrahanyAffiliation unknown1
Nur SiyamAffiliation unknown1
Maulina IstighfarohAffiliation unknown1
Retno WulandariAffiliation unknown1
Eky Fadhildansyah AzharAffiliation unknown1
Nur WahidahAffiliation unknown1
Amilaa Rodhiyana ZaenAffiliation unknown1
Luqman AlwiAffiliation unknown1
Diah Rahmah PermatasariAffiliation unknown1
Asyifa Rahma TrisnaningsihAffiliation unknown1
Fania Rizky RamadianiAffiliation unknown1
A Made Dea Rona AlmasAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ujph/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Sarcopenia in Indonesian Community-Dwelling Elderly: The Prevalence and Influencing Factors within the Primary Care Setting</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rahayu, Sri Ratna</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putriningtyas, Natalia Desy </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Candra, Adiska Rani Ditya </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Azizan, Azliyana </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Azmi, Alia </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mohamad Shaifuddin, Siti Norashikin </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Merzistya, Aufiena Nur Ayu </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Affandi, Mustafa Daru </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Muflikhah, Zuyyinatun </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pranindita, Salsabila Kinaya </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sarcopenia</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">prevalence</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Elderly</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Older Adults</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Community Health</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Determining the prevalence of sarcopenia and identifying associated factors can aid in early detection and treatment among community-dwelling elderly. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and identify associated factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the elderly community within the two areas of Public Health Center, Semarang, Indonesia, through random sampling. Sarcopenia was defined based on the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. Data on socio-demographics, clinical, and functional status were collected and associated factors analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Of the 153 participants, the prevalence of severe sarcopenia was 50.33%, and overall sarcopenia prevalence was 44.44%. Elderly individuals with severe sarcopenia had a mean age of 69.45, with a higher occurrence in women (79.2%) compared to men. Age (p=0.003; APR: 1.105; 95% CI: 1.035-1.180), toilet type (p=0.002; APR: 4.194; 95% CI: 1.677-10.493), and being female (p=0.049; APR: 2.341; 95% CI: 1.003-5.460) were identified as risk factors for severe sarcopenia. The prevalence of severe sarcopenia is elevated among community-dwelling elderly. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass with low handgrip strength and/or low gait speed. Routine check-ups are needed to detect sarcopenia and its risk factors in primary health care to enable early intervention for sarcopenia in the elderly.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) in cooperation with the Association of Indonesian Public Health Experts (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI))</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-05-04</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ujph/article/view/16058</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/ujph.v14i1.16058</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Unnes Journal of Public Health; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025); 31-40</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2548-7604</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-6781</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/ujph.v14i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ujph/article/view/16058/3556</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Unnes Journal of Public Health</dc:rights>
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