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Isolation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from tangkit pineapple leaves (ACT-MCC) as a pharmaceutical excipient

Proceedings Academic Universitas Jambi · Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 424–432

DOI
10.22437/proca.v1i2.50265
Published
2025-11-26
Publisher
LPPM Universitas Jambi
Language
en
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstract

Background: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a widely used pharmaceutical excipient due to its high compressibility, stability, and inertness in tablet formulations. Tangkit pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus), an abundant agricultural waste in Jambi, Indonesia, offer a sustainable alternative source for cellulose. Objective: This study reports the preparation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose (ACT-MCC) derived from Tangkit pineapple leaves, as well as its physicochemical characteristics in comparison to the commercial standard, Avicel PH 102. Methods: MCC was prepared from α-cellulose isolated from dried Tangkit pineapple leaves through sequential alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. Results: From 200 g of dried raw material, 19.41% (w/w) α-cellulose was obtained, which was then converted to 75% (w/w) MCC, equivalent to 14.56% of the starting material. The resulting ACT-MCC had a melting point of 247-250°C, slightly lower than Avicel PH 102 (268-270 °C). Physicochemical analysis showed a pH of 7.51, total ash 0.318% (w/w), moisture 3.13% (w/w), and drying loss of 3.42% (w/w), all within pharmacopeial limits. ACT-MCC was comparatively fine, odourless, tasteless, and yellowish in appearance. Conclusion: ATC-MCC demonstrated comparable characteristics to commercial MCC, indicating its potential usage as a locally derived pharmaceutical excipient.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 182 co-authorship links

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Santi PerawatiAffiliation unknown9
Vina NeldiAffiliation unknown8
Puspa Dwi PratiwiAffiliation unknown4
MaimumAffiliation unknown4
M. Tri Firia ChandraAffiliation unknown3
Dita Avika MusdhalivaAffiliation unknown3
Wahyu Nidia PutriAffiliation unknown3
FitrianingsihAffiliation unknown2
YuliawatiAffiliation unknown2
SyamsurizalAffiliation unknown2
Indri MahariniAffiliation unknown2
Elisma .Affiliation unknown2
Indri MaharniAffiliation unknown2
Nurul KamilahAffiliation unknown2
Yuliawati YuliawatiAffiliation unknown2
Fathnur SaniAffiliation unknown2
Junnia Aulia ZannahAffiliation unknown2
Rina OktariaAffiliation unknown1
Marizky PondawinataAffiliation unknown1
Ayu Ulil FauziahAffiliation unknown1
Ririn Zahra KhairunnisaAffiliation unknown1
Farras Alta ZafiraAffiliation unknown1
Desi SagitaAffiliation unknown1
Uce LestariAffiliation unknown1
Riska Amalya NasutionAffiliation unknown1
Fathnur Sani KasmadiAffiliation unknown1
Annisa AndrianiAffiliation unknown1
Fathnur Sani. KAffiliation unknown1
Zahwa Syuhada FitriAffiliation unknown1
Chessa Nasya PutriAffiliation unknown1
Suwijiyo PramonoAffiliation unknown1
Agung Endro NugrohoAffiliation unknown1
Putri Rachma NovitasariAffiliation unknown1
Raymond TjandrawinataAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/index.php/PROCA/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Isolation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from tangkit pineapple leaves (ACT-MCC) as a pharmaceutical excipient</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Astuti, Novia Tri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Efendi, M. Rifqi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sadli, Nurul Kamilah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pondawinata, Marizki</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ladianti, Cintasa Nabila</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Apriani, Ela</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tangkit pineapple leaves</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">MCC</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ATC-MCC</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Physicochemical Characterization</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pharmaceutical excipient</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a widely used pharmaceutical excipient due to its high compressibility, stability, and inertness in tablet formulations. Tangkit pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus), an abundant agricultural waste in Jambi, Indonesia, offer a sustainable alternative source for cellulose. Objective: This study reports the preparation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose (ACT-MCC) derived from Tangkit pineapple leaves, as well as its physicochemical characteristics in comparison to the commercial standard, Avicel PH 102. Methods: MCC was prepared from α-cellulose isolated from dried Tangkit pineapple leaves through sequential alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. Results: From 200 g of dried raw material, 19.41% (w/w) α-cellulose was obtained, which was then converted to 75% (w/w) MCC, equivalent to 14.56% of the starting material. The resulting ACT-MCC had a melting point of 247-250°C, slightly lower than Avicel PH 102 (268-270 °C). Physicochemical analysis showed a pH of 7.51, total ash 0.318% (w/w), moisture 3.13% (w/w), and drying loss of 3.42% (w/w), all within pharmacopeial limits. ACT-MCC was comparatively fine, odourless, tasteless, and yellowish in appearance. Conclusion: ATC-MCC demonstrated comparable characteristics to commercial MCC, indicating its potential usage as a locally derived pharmaceutical excipient.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">LPPM Universitas Jambi</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-26</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/PROCA/article/view/50265</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22437/proca.v1i2.50265</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Proceedings Academic Universitas Jambi; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): The 6th Jambi Medicine and Health Science International Conference (JAMHESIC); 424-432</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.22437/proca.v1i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/PROCA/article/view/50265/22599</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Novia Tri Astuti, M. Rifqi Efendi, Nurul Kamilah Sadli, Marizki Pondawinata, Cintasa Nabila Ladianti, Ela Apriani</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>