Studi Karakteristik Kimia Tanah Pada Berbagai Kelerengan di Lahan Agroforestri Berbasis Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis): Study of Soil Chemical Characteristics at Various Slopes in Agarwood-Based Agroforestry Land (Aquilaria malaccensis)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The research was conducted on agarwood agroforestry land (Aquilaria malaccensis) in Muaro Pijoan Village, Muaro Jambi Regency, which has an ultisol soil type with a land slope of 3,33% and 7,27%. Agarwood was planted at a distance of 2 x 3 meters on an area of 2 hectares since 2007. Analysis was conducted on various soil chemical properties such as pH, C-Organic, N, P, and K and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) in three locations with different slopes. Results showed that soil pH at the study sites ranged from 4-4,05, indicating very high acidity, while C-Organic and CEC contents were low. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents also varied based on slope, potentially affecting agarwood growth. The highest increments in diameter (0,945 cm/year) and height (0,552 m/year) were observed on land with a 7,27% slope. These findings indicate the importance of soil chemistry and slope in supporting agarwood productivity in ultisol agroforestry. Keywords: agarwood, nutrient elements, organic carbon, pH ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan agroforestry berbasis gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) di Desa Muaro Pijoan, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, yang memiliki jenis tanah ultisol dengan kemiringan lahan 3,33% dan 7,27%. Gaharu ditanam pada jarak 2 x 3 meter di lahan seluas 2 hektar sejak tahun 2007. Analisis dilakukan terhadap berbagai sifat kimia tanah seperti pH, C-Organik, N, P, dan K serta Kapasitas Tukar Kation KTK) di tiga lokasi dengan kemiringan berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah di lokasi penelitian berkisar pada 4-4,05, menunjukkan tingkat keasaman yang sangat tinggi, sementara kandungan C-Organik dan KTK tergolong rendah. Kandungan nitrogen dan fosfor juga bervariasi berdasarkan kemiringan lahan, yang berpotensi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan gaharu. Riap diameter dan tinggi tanaman gaharu tertinggi ditemukan pada lahan dengan kemiringan 7,27%, dengan riap diameter tahunan rata-rata sebesar 0,945 cm/tanaman/tahun dan riap tinggi sebesar 0,552 m/tanaman/tahun. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya sifat kimia tanah dan kemiringan lahan dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman gaharu di agroforestri ultisol. Kata kunci: gaharu, unsur hara, karbon organic, pH

Keywords

• agarwood
• nutrient elements
• organic carbon
• pH