EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA), FILTRAT DAUN SIRSAK (ANNONA MURICATA), LARUTAN DAUN TEMBAKAU (NICOTIANA TABACUM) DAN BUBUK TEMEFOS 1% (ABATE) TERHADAP MORTALITAS JENTIK NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Dengue Hemorragic Fever (DHF) has caused real and serious problems in Jambi Province.Infectious diseases caused by mosquitoes are currently underway to control mosquito larvae. Utilization ofnatural larvicides is expected to produce larvicides that are more environmentally friendly. Types of plants thatproduce natural enzymes that are useful as larvicides are papaya seeds (Carica papaya), soursop leaves(Annona muricata), tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum).Methods: This type of research is experimental design with post test only with control group design, whereobservations were made 8 (eight) times which were carried out every 3 hours after the treatment was carried out.The sample in this study amounted to 30 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes for each group. Univariate analysis usingfrequency distribution and bivariate analysis using dependent T test.Results: The lowest larvae mortality was found in papaya seed extract and the highest mortality was found insoursop leaf filtrate. The results of the analysis in the treatment group of papaya seeds (Carica papaya), soursopleaves (Annona muricata), tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum) obtained p-value <0.05, so there was a significantdifference between the treatment group and the control group.Conclusion: The administration of papaya seed extract (Carica papaya), soursop leaf filtrate (Annona muricata),and tobacco leaf water (Nicotiana tabacum) had an effect on mosquito larvae mortality.Keywords: Papaya (Carica papaya), Soursop (Annona muricata), Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Temefos 1%,Mortality of Aedes aegypti.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Penyakit Dengue Hemorragic Fever (DHF) telah menimbulkan permasalahan nyata dan seriusdi Provinsi Jambi. Penyakit menular akibat nyamuk saat ini terus dilakukan upaya pengendalian jentik nyamuk.Pemanfaatan larvasida alami diharapkan munculnya larvasida yang lebih bersahabat bagi lingkungan. Jenistanaman yang menghasilkan enzim alami yang berguna sebagai larvasida adalah biji pepaya (Carica papaya),daun sirsak (Annona muricata), daun tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum).Metode: Jenis penelitian bersifat experimental design dengan post test only with control group design, dimanaobservasi dilakukan sebanyak 8 (delapan) kali yang dilakukan setiap 3 jam pada saat setelah dilakukanperlakuan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 ekor nyamuk Aedes aegypti untuk tiap kelompok. Analisisunivariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji T dependen.Hasil: Mortalitas jentik terendah terdapat pada ekstrak biji pepaya dan mortalitas tertinggi terdapat pada filtratdaun sirsak. Hasil analisis pada kelompok perlakuan terhadap biji pepaya (Carica papaya), daun sirsak (Annonamuricata), daun tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum)didapatkan nilai p-value<0,05 sehingga terdapat perbedaan yangsignifikan antara kelompok perlakuan tersebut dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak biji pepaya (Carica papaya), filtrat daun sirsak (Annona muricata), dan larutandaun tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum) mempunyai pengaruh terhadap mortalitas jentik nyamuk.Kata Kunci: Pepaya (Carica papaya), Sirsak (Annona muricata),Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum), Temefos 1%,Mortalitas Aedes aegypti.