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Water, Sanitation, Hygiene (Wash) Interventions To Reduce Open Defecation Habit: A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Approach

Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan · Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 203–215

DOI
10.22437/jmj.v13i2.47738
ISSN
2580-6874, 2339-269X
Published
2025-11-12
Publisher
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS JAMBI
Language
en

Abstract

Background: Open defecation and other poor sanitation and hygienic practices create major public health problems in many developing nations. Improving community health and well-being depends on attending to these problems. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study aims to investigate the links between Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) parameters and open defecation behavior in riverbank villages. Method: Environmental observations combined with structured questionnaires was used in a cross-sectional survey. Convenience sampling helped participants to be gathered; PLS-SEM data analysis was used to investigate the intricate connections between WASH factors and open defecation behavior. Result: results show that there is no statistically significant relationship between open defecation practices and water (coefficient = -0.128, p = 0.355), sanitation (coefficient = -0.493, p = 0.861), income (coefficient = -0.030, p = 0.675), or education (coefficient = 0.067, p = 0.377). Furthermore, there is no significant link between open defecation practices and water (coefficient = -0.009, p = 0.911) and sanitation (coefficient = 0.058, p = 0.479) moderating effects of hygiene. Conclusion: Effective reduction of open defecation hinges on comprehensive WASH interventions that combine improved sanitation infrastructure with hygiene promotion and community involvement. Prioritizing hygiene education and fostering community ownership are essential for sustainable public health improvements. (rekomendasi dari hasil untuk future persepective )

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 282 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

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  • Universitas Jambi
  • Affiliation unknown
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Ahmad SyauqyAffiliation unknown19
Andika SulistiawanAffiliation unknown16
Nyimas Natasha Ayu ShafiraAffiliation unknown13
Huntari HarahapAffiliation unknown13
Rina Nofri EnisAffiliation unknown12
Amelia Dwi FitriAffiliation unknown11
Anggelia PuspasariAffiliation unknown11
Herlambang HerlambangUniversitas Jambi11
Tengku Arief Buana PerkasaAffiliation unknown9
Citra MaharaniAffiliation unknown8
NuriyahAffiliation unknown8
Mara Imam Taufiq SiregarAffiliation unknown7
Miftahurrahmah MiftahurrahmahAffiliation unknown7
Maria Estela KarolinaAffiliation unknown6
Mirna Marhami IskandarAffiliation unknown6
Patrick Wiliam GadingAffiliation unknown6
Budi JustisiaAffiliation unknown6
Tia Wida EkaputriAffiliation unknown5
Raihanah SuzanAffiliation unknown5
Asro Hayani HarahapAffiliation unknown5
Ratna SugiartiAffiliation unknown4
Andi SubandiAffiliation unknown4
LipinwatiAffiliation unknown4
Esa Indah AyudiaAffiliation unknown4
Attiya IstariniAffiliation unknown3
Rita HalimAffiliation unknown3
Ave Olivia RahmanAffiliation unknown3
KamariyahAffiliation unknown2
Fairuz FairuzAffiliation unknown2
Hasna DewiAffiliation unknown2
Lipinwati LipinwatiAffiliation unknown2
FitriyantiAffiliation unknown2
Humaryanto HumaryantoAffiliation unknown2
Susan TarawifaAffiliation unknown2

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/index.php/kedokteran/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Water, Sanitation, Hygiene (Wash) Interventions To Reduce Open Defecation Habit: A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Approach</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aurora, Wahyu Indah Dewi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Darmawan, Armaidi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kusdiyah, Erny</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nuriyah, Nuriyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Maria, Ima</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="id">Aurora</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Water</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sanitation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hygiene</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Open Defecation Habit</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nutritional Epidemiology</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: Open defecation and other poor sanitation and hygienic practices create major public health problems in many developing nations. Improving community health and well-being depends on attending to these problems. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this study aims to investigate the links between Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) parameters and open defecation behavior in riverbank villages.
Method: Environmental observations combined with structured questionnaires was used in a cross-sectional survey. Convenience sampling helped participants to be gathered; PLS-SEM data analysis was used to investigate the intricate connections between WASH factors and open defecation behavior.
Result: results show that there is no statistically significant relationship between open defecation practices and water (coefficient = -0.128, p = 0.355), sanitation (coefficient = -0.493, p = 0.861), income (coefficient = -0.030, p = 0.675), or education (coefficient = 0.067, p = 0.377). Furthermore, there is no significant link between open defecation practices and water (coefficient = -0.009, p = 0.911) and sanitation (coefficient = 0.058, p = 0.479) moderating effects of hygiene.
Conclusion: Effective reduction of open defecation hinges on comprehensive WASH interventions that combine improved sanitation infrastructure with hygiene promotion and community involvement. Prioritizing hygiene education and fostering community ownership are essential for sustainable public health improvements. (rekomendasi dari hasil untuk future persepective )</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS JAMBI</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-12</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/kedokteran/article/view/47738</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22437/jmj.v13i2.47738</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan; Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan; 203-215</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-6874</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-269X</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/kedokteran/article/view/47738/22483</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>