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Correlation of IL-10 Levels with the Bacterial Index in Multibacillary Leprosy

Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan · Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025) · pp. 239–245

DOI
10.22437/jmj.v13i2.48898
ISSN
2580-6874, 2339-269X
Published
2025-11-12
Publisher
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS JAMBI
Language
en

Abstract

Background: Multibacillary (MB) leprosy is characterised by a high bacillary burden and a tolerogenic immune profile. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key immunoregulatory cytokine that may reflect bacillary load. Objective: To compare bacillary burden and IL-10 between MB patients and controls and to examine the correlation between the Bacterial Index (BI) and IL-10 among MB patients. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study included 68 participants (MB n=34; controls n=34). Categorical variables were analysed using Chi-square tests, and medians were used with Mann–Whitney U tests. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess the BI–IL-10 relationship in MB. Results: Age distribution was similar between groups (p=0.451), whereas occupation (p=0.040) and education (p=0.027) differed. BI was markedly higher in MB than in controls (median 2.5 [IQR 4] vs 0 [0]; p<0.001). IL-10 concentrations were also higher in MB (1.96 [4.03] pg/mL) than in controls (1.12 [1.94] pg/mL; p=0.029). Among MB patients, BI correlated positively with IL-10 (ρ = 0.358; p = 0.038). Conclusion: MB leprosy shows substantially greater bacillary burden and elevated IL-10 relative to controls. The positive association between BI and IL-10 supports the role of an immunoregulatory milieu linked to bacillary load. These findings highlight IL-10 as a potential biomarker for disease burden in MB leprosy and warrant validation in larger, adjusted cohorts.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 179 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

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  • Hasanuddin University
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Hasna DewiAffiliation unknown7
Rina Nofri EnisAffiliation unknown6
Wahyu Indah Dewi AuroraAffiliation unknown6
Huntari HarahapAffiliation unknown6
KamariyahAffiliation unknown4
Mirna Marhami IskandarAffiliation unknown4
FitriyantiAffiliation unknown4
Hanina HaninaAffiliation unknown4
Fairuz FairuzAffiliation unknown3
Esa Indah Ayu DiaAffiliation unknown3
Rini PratiwiAffiliation unknown3
Tengku Arief Buana PerkasaAffiliation unknown3
Putri Sari WulandariAffiliation unknown3
YuliawatiAffiliation unknown2
Andika SulistiawanAffiliation unknown2
Anggelia PuspasariAffiliation unknown2
Citra MaharaniAffiliation unknown2
Susan TarawifaAffiliation unknown2
Esa Indah AyudiaAffiliation unknown2
La RudiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nasrudin NasrudinAffiliation unknown1
Chairul PaotonanAffiliation unknown1
Ashury AshuryAffiliation unknown1
Fitriyanti FitriyantiHasanuddin University1
Chairul PaotonanHasanuddin University1
Ashury AshuryHasanuddin University1
Nuriyah NuriyahAffiliation unknown1
Nur Afni LestariAffiliation unknown1
FitrianingsihAffiliation unknown1
. YulianaAffiliation unknown1
Uce LestariAffiliation unknown1
Indah Sri Wulan SofyanAffiliation unknown1
Sofia Elisa ApriyantiAffiliation unknown1
LipinwatiAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/index.php/kedokteran/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Correlation of IL-10 Levels with the Bacterial Index in Multibacillary Leprosy</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fitriyanti, Fitriyanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Lipinwati, Lipinwati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Istarini, Attiya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ekaputri, Tia Wida</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nastiti, Niken Irfa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Adnyana, I Made Dwi Mertha</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">multibacillary leprosy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">bacterial index</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">IL-10</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: Multibacillary (MB) leprosy is characterised by a high bacillary burden and a tolerogenic immune profile. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key immunoregulatory cytokine that may reflect bacillary load. Objective: To compare bacillary burden and IL-10 between MB patients and controls and to examine the correlation between the Bacterial Index (BI) and IL-10 among MB patients.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study included 68 participants (MB n=34; controls n=34). Categorical variables were analysed using Chi-square tests, and medians were used with Mann–Whitney U tests. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess the BI–IL-10 relationship in MB.
Results: Age distribution was similar between groups (p=0.451), whereas occupation (p=0.040) and education (p=0.027) differed. BI was markedly higher in MB than in controls (median 2.5 [IQR 4] vs 0 [0]; p&amp;lt;0.001). IL-10 concentrations were also higher in MB (1.96 [4.03] pg/mL) than in controls (1.12 [1.94] pg/mL; p=0.029). Among MB patients, BI correlated positively with IL-10 (ρ = 0.358; p = 0.038).
Conclusion: MB leprosy shows substantially greater bacillary burden and elevated IL-10 relative to controls. The positive association between BI and IL-10 supports the role of an immunoregulatory milieu linked to bacillary load. These findings highlight IL-10 as a potential biomarker for disease burden in MB leprosy and warrant validation in larger, adjusted cohorts.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS JAMBI</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-12</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/kedokteran/article/view/48898</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22437/jmj.v13i2.48898</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan; Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan; 239-245</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-6874</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-269X</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/kedokteran/article/view/48898/22494</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>