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Mītsāqan Ghalīẓan and Unregistered Marriage:: Reinterpreting Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence through Takhrīj al-Ḥadīth

Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Mu'ashirah: Media Kajian Al-Qur'an dan Al-Hadits Multi Perspektif · Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 382–406

DOI
10.22373/jim.v23i2.35229
ISSN
2599-2619, 1693-7562
Published
2026-07-30
Publisher
South East Asia Regional Intellectual Forum of Qoran Hadith (SEARFIQH)
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

This research stems from the contradiction between the concept of mitsāqan ghalīẓan as a strong marital bond and the widespread practice of unregistered marriage (nikah di bawah tangan), which potentially neglects the protection of the civil rights of husbands, wives, and children. This study aims to analyze the authenticity of munakahat (marriage) hadiths through takhrij al-hadis and examine their implementation from the perspective of contemporary jurisprudence (fiqh) based on the empirical reality of unregistered marriage practices. This study employs a qualitative method with a normative-empirical approach, combining library research and field research through interviews and observations. Normative data were obtained from hadiths in the Kutub al-Tis'ah, classical and contemporary fiqh books, and legal regulations. Meanwhile, empirical data were gathered from the Head of the KUA (Religious Affairs Office), religious counselors, community leaders, religious figures, village imams, and perpetrators of unregistered marriage in Suro Makmur District, Aceh Singkil Regency. The results show that the hadiths regarding the guardian (wali), witnesses, and the public announcement (i'lan) of marriage are categorized as ṣaḥīḥ li ghairihi or ḥasan li ghairihi, thereby emphasizing the importance of openness in the marriage contract. Field findings indicate that unregistered marriages are generally influenced by underage marriage, administrative obstacles, economic factors, and family social issues. Furthermore, differing views between KUA officials and religious figures highlight a gap between the validity of classical jurisprudence and the need for modern legal protection. This study concludes that marriage registration is an implementation of maṣlaḥah mursalah and aligns with the objectives of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah in safeguarding religion, lineage, honor, and family civil rights; thus, the practice of unregistered marriage is no longer relevant to be maintained within the context of a modern constitutional state.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

37 authors · 90 co-authorship links

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Universitas Pancasakti Makassar
  • Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
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  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Agus Bintara BirawidaAffiliation unknown2
ABDUL MANANAffiliation unknown2
Arief Pawennari MuhammadAffiliation unknown1
Nurlia SilaAffiliation unknown1
Erniwati IbrahimAffiliation unknown1
muhamad subhanAffiliation unknown1
Darmawansyah DarmawansyahUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nirmayasri DatuanAffiliation unknown1
Aznaeni DuppaAffiliation unknown1
Burhanudin BaharAffiliation unknown1
Muh. Fajaruddin NatsirAffiliation unknown1
Machrany SyarifAffiliation unknown1
Nurhasmi NurhasmiAffiliation unknown1
Musdalifah MusdalifahAffiliation unknown1
Firmansyah FirmansyahUniversitas Pancasakti Makassar1
Dwi Novita SariAffiliation unknown1
Nurmairina NurmairinaAffiliation unknown1
Nurhafni SiregarAffiliation unknown1
Hasanah HasanahAffiliation unknown1
Cindy Fadillah NasutionAffiliation unknown1
Fahruddin FahruddinSunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta1
Dan Try BorrongAffiliation unknown1
Muhibbuthabry MuhibbuthabryAffiliation unknown1
Cut Intan SalasiyahAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad Arif FadhilahAffiliation unknown1
Nasruddin ASAffiliation unknown1
Syukri RizkiAffiliation unknown1
Fauzi IsmailAffiliation unknown1
Saprijal SaprijalAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad NawawiAffiliation unknown1
Indra JayaAffiliation unknown1
Naila Eka FazlinAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/almuashirah/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 6 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Mītsāqan Ghalīẓan and Unregistered Marriage:: Reinterpreting Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence through Takhrīj al-Ḥadīth</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Shaleh, Ibnu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hayati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Daud, Anwar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nufiar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en"> Embong, Rahimah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitsaqan Ghalizhan</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Unregistered Marriage</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Takhrij al-Hadis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Contemporary Fiqh</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Maṣlaḥah Mursalah</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This research stems from the contradiction between the concept of mitsāqan ghalīẓan as a strong marital bond and the widespread practice of unregistered marriage (nikah di bawah tangan), which potentially neglects the protection of the civil rights of husbands, wives, and children. This study aims to analyze the authenticity of munakahat (marriage) hadiths through takhrij al-hadis and examine their implementation from the perspective of contemporary jurisprudence (fiqh) based on the empirical reality of unregistered marriage practices. This study employs a qualitative method with a normative-empirical approach, combining library research and field research through interviews and observations. Normative data were obtained from hadiths in the Kutub al-Tis'ah, classical and contemporary fiqh books, and legal regulations. Meanwhile, empirical data were gathered from the Head of the KUA (Religious Affairs Office), religious counselors, community leaders, religious figures, village imams, and perpetrators of unregistered marriage in Suro Makmur District, Aceh Singkil Regency. The results show that the hadiths regarding the guardian (wali), witnesses, and the public announcement (i'lan) of marriage are categorized as ṣaḥīḥ li ghairihi or ḥasan li ghairihi, thereby emphasizing the importance of openness in the marriage contract. Field findings indicate that unregistered marriages are generally influenced by underage marriage, administrative obstacles, economic factors, and family social issues. Furthermore, differing views between KUA officials and religious figures highlight a gap between the validity of classical jurisprudence and the need for modern legal protection. This study concludes that marriage registration is an implementation of maṣlaḥah mursalah and aligns with the objectives of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah in safeguarding religion, lineage, honor, and family civil rights; thus, the practice of unregistered marriage is no longer relevant to be maintained within the context of a modern constitutional state.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">South East Asia Regional Intellectual Forum of Qoran Hadith (SEARFIQH)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-07-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/almuashirah/article/view/35229</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/jim.v23i2.35229</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Mu'ashirah: Media Kajian Al-Qur'an dan Al-Hadits Multi Perspektif; Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026); 382-406</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2599-2619</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1693-7562</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/almuashirah/article/view/35229/13296</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Ibnu Shaleh, Hayati, Anwar Daud, Nufiar, Rahimah  Embong (Author)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>