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Effects of Anthropogenic Factors on Tree Health in Natural Forests Within Customary Forest Areas of Beungga Village, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Pengaruh Faktor Antropogenik terhadap Kesehatan Pohon di Hutan Alam pada Kawasan Hutan Adat Desa Beungga, Provinsi Aceh, Indonesia

BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan · Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 260–274

DOI
10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34791
ISSN
2549-1768, 2337-9812
Published
2026-09-28
Publisher
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

English

Natural forests in the highland areas of Aceh Province play an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance; however, pressure from human (anthropogenic) activities has the potential to reduce tree quality and health. This study aims to assess tree health status and identify the anthropogenic factors affecting it in the natural forest of the customary forest area of Beungga Village, Aceh Province, using the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method, which evaluates tree damage through the Tree Damage Level Index (TDLI) and crown condition through Visual Crown Rating (VCR), along with Likert scale analysis to examine anthropogenic factors. The results show that overall tree health is relatively good, with an average value of 6.7 (very healthy category). The most dominant type of damage is open wounds on tree stems, largely caused by human activities, while crown conditions are generally in the good category, indicating that the physiological functions of trees remain optimal. The most influential anthropogenic factors are illegal logging and forest encroachment, both categorized as high based on the Likert scale. Overall, although pressure from human activities persists, tree health condition in this area remains relatively good, though it still requires sustainable management and monitoring to maintain forest ecosystem stability. Keywords: tree health; anthropogenic factors; Forest Health Monitoring (FHM); customary forest.

Indonesian

Hutan alam di wilayah daratan tinggi Provinsi Aceh memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem, namun tekanan aktivitas manusia (antropogenik) berpotensi menurunkan kualitas dan kesehatan pohon. Kondisi ini menuntut adanya kajian yang mampu menggambarkan status kesehatan pohon sekaligus mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab kerusakannya. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai status kesehatan pohon serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor antropogenik yang memengaruhi kesehatan pohon pada hutan alam kawasan hutan adat di Provinsi Aceh Penelitian ini dilakukan pada hutan alam Kawasan hutan adat Desa Beungga dengan menggunakan metode Forest Health Monitoring (FHM), yang menilai indikator kerusakan pohon melalui Tree Damage Level Index (TDLI) dan kondisi tajuk melalui Visual Crown Rating (VCR), serta analisis skala Likert untuk mengkaji faktor antropogenik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesehatan pohon relatif baik, dengan nilai rata-rata 6,7 (kategori sangat sehat) di Desa Beungga. Tipe kerusakan yang paling dominan adalah luka terbuka pada batang pohon, yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia. Kondisi tajuk secara umum berada pada kategori baik, yang menunjukkan bahwa fungsi fisiologis pohon masih berjalan optimal. Faktor antropogenik yang paling berpengaruh adalah penebangan ilegal dan perambahan hutan dengan kategori tinggi berdasarkan skala Likert. Secara keseluruhan, meskipun tekanan aktivitas manusia masih terjadi, kondisi kesehatan pohon pada kedua kawasan hutan masih tergolong baik, namun tetap memerlukan pengelolaan dan pengawasan yang berkelanjutan untuk menjaga stabilitas ekosistem hutan.

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 70 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Bina Darma
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Saida RasnoviAffiliation unknown3
La HarimuAffiliation unknown2
Zainal AbidinAffiliation unknown2
Rafiuddin RafiuddinAffiliation unknown2
Yuniati TewaAffiliation unknown2
Firman Rija ArhasAffiliation unknown2
Ahmad Haidar MirzaUniversitas Bina Darma1
Djabar GzalibAffiliation unknown1
Wa Ode Fitra RamadhanAffiliation unknown1
Alimin AliminAffiliation unknown1
Supriyadi SupriyadiAffiliation unknown1
La Ode AhmadUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Dian AnggreniAffiliation unknown1
Masria MasriaAffiliation unknown1
Afresha DesyantiAffiliation unknown1
Masrudin MasrudinAffiliation unknown1
Haeruddin HaeruddinAffiliation unknown1
Misna MisnaAffiliation unknown1
Aceng HaetamiAffiliation unknown1
Nur IffahAffiliation unknown1
Ibnu Razak AminAffiliation unknown1
Haeruddin HaeruddinAffiliation unknown1
Rachmat IskandarAffiliation unknown1
Nia EkawatiAffiliation unknown1
Castaka Agus SugiantoAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad DoudiAffiliation unknown1
Syaukani SyaukaniUniversitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara1
Emil Riza PratamaAffiliation unknown1
Hendrix Indra KusumaAffiliation unknown1
Rizza Amanda PhonnaAffiliation unknown1
Muhammad FaisalUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Muhammad KalbadriAffiliation unknown1
Nasrul ArahmanAffiliation unknown1
Auliya AnwarAffiliation unknown1
Cut Meurah RosnellyAffiliation unknown1
Afrillia FahrinaAffiliation unknown1
Cut HasrianiAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/biotik/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Effects of Anthropogenic Factors on Tree Health in Natural Forests Within Customary Forest Areas of Beungga Village, Aceh Province, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:title xml:lang="id">Pengaruh Faktor Antropogenik terhadap Kesehatan Pohon di Hutan Alam pada Kawasan Hutan Adat Desa Beungga, Provinsi Aceh, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ramli, Ichwana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Putra, Ade</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Dahlan, Dahlan</dc:creator>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Natural forests in the highland areas of Aceh Province play an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance; however, pressure from human (anthropogenic) activities has the potential to reduce tree quality and health. This study aims to assess tree health status and identify the anthropogenic factors affecting it in the natural forest of the customary forest area of Beungga Village, Aceh Province, using the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method, which evaluates tree damage through the Tree Damage Level Index (TDLI) and crown condition through Visual Crown Rating (VCR), along with Likert scale analysis to examine anthropogenic factors. The results show that overall tree health is relatively good, with an average value of 6.7 (very healthy category). The most dominant type of damage is open wounds on tree stems, largely caused by human activities, while crown conditions are generally in the good category, indicating that the physiological functions of trees remain optimal. The most influential anthropogenic factors are illegal logging and forest encroachment, both categorized as high based on the Likert scale. Overall, although pressure from human activities persists, tree health condition in this area remains relatively good, though it still requires sustainable management and monitoring to maintain forest ecosystem stability.
Keywords: tree health; anthropogenic factors; Forest Health Monitoring (FHM); customary forest.</dc:description>
	<dc:description xml:lang="id">Hutan alam di wilayah daratan tinggi Provinsi Aceh memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem, namun tekanan aktivitas manusia (antropogenik) berpotensi menurunkan kualitas dan kesehatan pohon. Kondisi ini menuntut adanya kajian yang mampu menggambarkan status kesehatan pohon sekaligus mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab kerusakannya. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai status kesehatan pohon serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor antropogenik yang memengaruhi kesehatan pohon pada hutan alam kawasan hutan adat di Provinsi Aceh  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada hutan alam Kawasan hutan adat Desa Beungga dengan menggunakan metode Forest Health Monitoring (FHM), yang menilai indikator kerusakan pohon melalui Tree Damage Level Index (TDLI) dan kondisi tajuk melalui Visual Crown Rating (VCR), serta analisis skala Likert untuk mengkaji faktor antropogenik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesehatan pohon relatif baik, dengan nilai rata-rata 6,7 (kategori sangat sehat) di Desa Beungga. Tipe kerusakan yang paling dominan adalah luka terbuka pada batang pohon, yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia. Kondisi tajuk secara umum berada pada kategori baik, yang menunjukkan bahwa fungsi fisiologis pohon masih berjalan optimal. Faktor antropogenik yang paling berpengaruh adalah penebangan ilegal dan perambahan hutan dengan kategori tinggi berdasarkan skala Likert. Secara keseluruhan, meskipun tekanan aktivitas manusia masih terjadi, kondisi kesehatan pohon pada kedua kawasan hutan masih tergolong baik, namun tetap memerlukan pengelolaan dan pengawasan yang berkelanjutan untuk menjaga stabilitas ekosistem hutan.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-09-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/biotik/article/view/34791</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34791</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK ; 260-274</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Biotik; Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK ; 260-274</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-1768</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2337-9812</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.22373/biotik.v14i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/biotik/article/view/34791/13489</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Ichwana Ramli, Ade Putra, Dahlan</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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