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Beyond Single Exposure: Recycled Input and Vocabulary Mastery in Young EFL Learners

ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities · Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 449–458

DOI
10.34050/els-jish.v9i2.51337
ISSN
2621-0835, 2621-0843
Published
2026-06-15
Publisher
Hasanuddin University
Language
en
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Vocabulary mastery constitutes a foundational pillar in English language learning for young learners at Islamic elementary schools (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah/MI). However, linear and non-repetitive vocabulary instruction frequently constrains learners from achieving adequate vocabulary mastery. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Recycled Input Technique (RIT) operationalized through four sequential stages exposure, retrieval, recycling, and consolidation on the vocabulary mastery of Grade IV students at MI DDI Ujung Lare Parepare. Employing a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest model, this study selected 25 students with complete paired data from a total enrolment of 28 fourth-grade students through simple random sampling. The target vocabulary comprised 20 items from the Daily Activities unit of the My Next Words Grade 4 textbook. The assessment instrument consisted of a 20-item vocabulary test covering multiple-choice, word-matching, and sentence-completion tasks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-samples t-test. The analysis revealed a mean score improvement from 73.80 in the pretest to 93.20 in the posttest, a gain of 19.40 points, with t(24) = 7.41, p <.001, and a large practical effect (Cohen's d = 1.48). The proportion of students achieving the 'Excellent' category rose from 8% to 80%, while the 'Poor' category was completely eliminated, decreasing from 20% to 0%. These findings substantiate that systematically designed recycled input significantly enhances vocabulary mastery in EFL contexts at the Islamic primary school level, with particularly pronounced gains observed among initially low-performing learners.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

25 authors · 55 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare
  • Institut Agama Islam Negeri Sorong
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Magdahalena TjallaAffiliation unknown2
Zulfah FakhruddinAffiliation unknown2
Ahmad Firman ashariAffiliation unknown2
Sepia SepiaAffiliation unknown2
Abdul Haris SunubiAffiliation unknown2
Hasbullah HasbullahInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Sorong1
Ismail Suardi WekkeInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Sorong1
Miftahulfadlik DabamonaInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Sorong1
Abdul Haris SunubiInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare1
Dian Riani SaidAffiliation unknown1
Bahtiar BahtiarUniversitas Islam Negeri Mataram1
Mayang MartriaAffiliation unknown1
Muh. YusufUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Astrid Dwi AdiantiAffiliation unknown1
Pendais HakAffiliation unknown1
Darmawan RisalAffiliation unknown1
Zulfardi AsharAffiliation unknown1
Nur ZamanAffiliation unknown1
Andi Rachmat ArfadlyAffiliation unknown1
Nuryahya AbdullahAffiliation unknown1
Maryam RusdinAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jish/oai, first harvested 3 Nov 2026, last seen 3 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Beyond Single Exposure: Recycled Input and Vocabulary Mastery in Young EFL Learners</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Aulini, Salsa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kalsum, Kalsum</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nanning, Nanning</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Munawir, Munawir</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Recycled Input Technique</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Vocabulary Mastery</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Young EFL Learners</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Madrasah Ibtidaiyah</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Spaced Repetition</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Vocabulary mastery constitutes a foundational pillar in English language learning for young learners at Islamic elementary schools (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah/MI). However, linear and non-repetitive vocabulary instruction frequently constrains learners from achieving adequate vocabulary mastery. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Recycled Input Technique (RIT) operationalized through four sequential stages exposure, retrieval, recycling, and consolidation on the vocabulary mastery of Grade IV students at MI DDI Ujung Lare Parepare. Employing a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest model, this study selected 25 students with complete paired data from a total enrolment of 28 fourth-grade students through simple random sampling. The target vocabulary comprised 20 items from the Daily Activities unit of the My Next Words Grade 4 textbook. The assessment instrument consisted of a 20-item vocabulary test covering multiple-choice, word-matching, and sentence-completion tasks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-samples t-test. The analysis revealed a mean score improvement from 73.80 in the pretest to 93.20 in the posttest, a gain of 19.40 points, with t(24) = 7.41, p &amp;lt; .001, and a large practical effect (Cohen's d = 1.48). The proportion of students achieving the 'Excellent' category rose from 8% to 80%, while the 'Poor' category was completely eliminated, decreasing from 20% to 0%. These findings substantiate that systematically designed recycled input significantly enhances vocabulary mastery in EFL contexts at the Islamic primary school level, with particularly pronounced gains observed among initially low-performing learners.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Hasanuddin University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-15</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jish/article/view/51337</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.34050/els-jish.v9i2.51337</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JUNE; 449-458</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2621-0835</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2621-0843</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.34050/els-jish.v9i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jish/article/view/51337/14530</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Salsa Aulini, Kalsum Kalsum, Nanning Nanning, Munawir Munawir</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>