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Comparison of Lead (Pb) Content Analysis Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with Wet and Dry Destruction Methods in Body Lotion Preparations in Semarang City

Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy · Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 31–35

DOI
10.15294/jstrp.v5i2.31998
ISSN
2776-0685
Terbit
2025-11-21
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Many body lotions are found in circulation without a BPOM RI registration number, which can raise concerns about lead metal contamination. The lead metal content in body lotion can be sourced from the raw material, namely water. Lead metal levels in water range from 0,011 mg/L to 0,076 mg/L. Determination of lead levels uses an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry instrument. The requirement for analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry is that the sample must be in solution form, so a destruction process is necessary because the body lotion sample is in semi-solid form. This study aims to compare two commonly used destruction methods, namely wet and dry destruction. The methodology in this study consists of qualitative analysis, method validation, and quantitative analysis. The test results with qualitative analysis showed negative lead metal content. The results of the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method validation were: linearity (R2) of 0,9999; LoD of 0,024 mg/L; LoQ of 0,080 mg/L; precision (%RSD) of 0,61%; accuracy (%Recovery) of 100,09% with quantitative results of the percentage of wet digestion sample content, results were: 1,2264 ± 2,96%; 1,7687 ± 4,24%; 1,5036 ± 3,75%; 1,1807 ± 2,92%; and 1,5606 ± 3,88%. This can happen because the wet destruction method is better to use than the dry destruction method which can be seen from the %Recovery.

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  • State University of Semarang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Zalza Zalzabila Adelya PutriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
AmeliyanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Prisma Detty NuryanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurul Fajar AgustinaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Erika WuryaningsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ernessa Indah Rotua SIRAITAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rahma Annisa IzzaniaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sigit PriatmokoState University of Semarang1
Senda Kartika RakainsaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dhatu Sekar LarasatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Neli Syahida Ni’maAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sitarina WidyariniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nanang FakhrudinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/oai, pertama di-harvest 5 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 5 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Comparison of Lead (Pb) Content Analysis Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with Wet and Dry Destruction Methods in Body Lotion Preparations in Semarang City</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Athalla, Muhammad Shidqi Naufal</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Endah Widhihastuti</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">body lotion</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">lead</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">wet destruction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">dry destruction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">atomic absorption spectrophotometry</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Many body lotions are found in circulation without a BPOM RI registration number, which can raise concerns about lead metal contamination. The lead metal content in body lotion can be sourced from the raw material, namely water. Lead metal levels in water range from 0,011 mg/L to 0,076 mg/L. Determination of lead levels uses an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry instrument. The requirement for analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry is that the sample must be in solution form, so a destruction process is necessary because the body lotion sample is in semi-solid form. This study aims to compare two commonly used destruction methods, namely wet and dry destruction. The methodology in this study consists of qualitative analysis, method validation, and quantitative analysis. The test results with qualitative analysis showed negative lead metal content. The results of the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method validation were: linearity (R2) of 0,9999; LoD of 0,024 mg/L; LoQ of 0,080 mg/L; precision (%RSD) of 0,61%; accuracy (%Recovery) of 100,09% with quantitative results of the percentage of wet digestion sample content, results were: 1,2264 ± 2,96%; 1,7687 ± 4,24%; 1,5036 ± 3,75%; 1,1807 ± 2,92%; and 1,5606 ± 3,88%. This can happen because the wet destruction method is better to use than the dry destruction method which can be seen from the %Recovery.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-11-21</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/article/view/31998</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jstrp.v5i2.31998</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy; 31-35</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2776-0685</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jstrp.v5i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JSTRP/article/view/31998/7121</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>