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Eyeliner Fabrication from Coconut Shell Waste (Cocos Nucifera) with Xanthan Gum Binder (C35H49O29)

Jurnal Fisika · Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 11–19

DOI
10.15294/jf.v15i1.16246
ISSN
2684-978X, 2088-1509
Terbit
2025-05-05
Penerbit
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Eyeliner is a decorative cosmetic or make-up product. Eyeliner functions to help emphasize and make the shape of the eyes more prominent and more expressive, make makeup more dramatic without doing many steps, and cover the false eyelash line that sticks to the eyes. This study aims to determine whether activated carbon from coconut shell waste can be used as a natural dye in eyeliner fabrication. This research uses a laboratory experiment method, namely by mixing materials consisting of distilled water, xanthan gum, tween 80, propylene glycol, methylparaben, CH_3 COOH solution with distilled water, ethanol, and carbon pigments in it. Xanthan gum and carbon are mixed in a ratio of 1:10; 1:12; 1:14; 1:16; 1:8; and 1:20 until homogeneous. Fabrication properties were tested, namely homogeneity, pH, drying time, and color tests on eyeliner fabrication. the results were analyzed descriptively. Based on the results obtained, the six fabricated formulations have a deep black color and have an average particle size of 8.1 µm, have an average pH of 6.3, an average drying time of 303 seconds, the six formulations have an evil Minister color, After Dark, Deep Forest chocolate, Holy Crow, Smoked black coffee, Indigo brown ink. It was concluded that pigments from coconut shell carbon can be used as natural dyes in eyeliner fabrication. However, in the physical properties test, namely the homogeneity test and dry time test for eyeliner fabrication, there are still discrepancies in the literature.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Diponegoro University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Mahardika Prasetya AjiAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
SulhadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Ani RusilowatiState University of Semarang5
Putut MarwotoState University of Semarang5
Ellianawati EllianawatiState University of Semarang5
Sugianto SugiantoUniversitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar3
. SupriyadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sugiyanto SugiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sarwi SarwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Sri Mulyani ESAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Heri PramonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sulhadi SulhadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sunyoto Eko NugrohoState University of Semarang2
Suharto LinuwihAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sutikno SutiknoDiponegoro University2
Langlang HandayaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
SarwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Ngurah Made Darma PutraState University of Semarang2
Endang SusilaningsihState University of Semarang2
Kartono KartonoUniversitas Airlangga2
Pratiwi DwijanantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Rene M. Babiera IIAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nadila Qotrun NadaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Zahrotul AiniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Galih Ridho Utomo UtomoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fianti FiantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Agitha AnastasyaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Cepi KurniawanState University of Semarang1
Nuni WidiartiState University of Semarang1
Sungkowo SungkowoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yuan Maylia RosantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rojja Maysa RohmahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Shinta HildaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Syiva Zakia AuliaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Devitri SulistyaningrumAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jf/oai, pertama di-harvest 6 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 6 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Eyeliner Fabrication from Coconut Shell Waste (Cocos Nucifera) with Xanthan Gum Binder (C35H49O29)</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Senda, Tamara Rizky</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nurbaiti, Upik</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fianti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Astuti, Budi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yulianto, Agus</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Carbon</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Eco-Friendly Cosmetic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Eyeliner</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Xanthan Gum</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Eyeliner is a decorative cosmetic or make-up product. Eyeliner functions to help emphasize and make the shape of the eyes more prominent and more expressive, make makeup more dramatic without doing many steps, and cover the false eyelash line that sticks to the eyes. This study aims to determine whether activated carbon from coconut shell waste can be used as a natural dye in eyeliner fabrication. This research uses a laboratory experiment method, namely by mixing materials consisting of distilled water, xanthan gum, tween 80, propylene glycol, methylparaben, CH_3 COOH solution with distilled water, ethanol, and carbon pigments in it. Xanthan gum and carbon are mixed in a ratio of 1:10; 1:12; 1:14; 1:16; 1:8; and 1:20 until homogeneous.  Fabrication properties were tested, namely homogeneity, pH, drying time, and color tests on eyeliner fabrication. the results were analyzed descriptively. Based on the results obtained, the six fabricated formulations have a deep black color and have an average particle size of 8.1 µm, have an average pH of 6.3, an average drying time of 303 seconds, the six formulations have an evil Minister color, After Dark, Deep Forest chocolate, Holy Crow, Smoked black coffee, Indigo brown ink. It was concluded that pigments from coconut shell carbon can be used as natural dyes in eyeliner fabrication. However, in the physical properties test, namely the homogeneity test and dry time test for eyeliner fabrication, there are still discrepancies in the literature.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-05-05</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jf/article/view/16246</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jf.v15i1.16246</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Fisika; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Fisika 15 (1) 2025; 11-19</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2684-978X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2088-1509</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jf/article/view/16246/3906</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Fisika</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>