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The Existence of The Jinayat Law in Indonesian Community [Eksistensi Hukum Jinayat dalam Masyarakat Nusantara]

Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum · Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021) · pp. 41–64

DOI
10.22373/legitimasi.v10i1.10516
ISSN
2579-5104, 2088-8813
Published
2021-06-30
Publisher
Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Language
eng

Abstract

Abstract: The struggle over the supremacy of Islamic law in the Indonesian archipelago began during the Dutch colonial period when the Dutch began to harass the community's laws to strengthen their grip on controlling the archipelago. Initially, Dutch legal scientists were still clear in seeing the truth that Islamic law in the Muslim community of the archipelago had a higher position than customary law so that the receptie in complex theory was born, but this did not last long because other Dutch legal scientists changed this theory with the receptie theory which puts law Islam is lower than customary law. This was done for the political interests of the Dutch power. After Indonesia's independence, Indonesian legal scientists began to realign the position of Islamic law and place it in its actual position, so that the receptie exit theory emerged which was pioneered by Hazairin, the theory of receptio a contrario by Sayuti Thalib, and the theory of existence by Ichtijanto. These three theories have the same goal, namely trying to place the position of Islamic law which is recognized for its existence in Indonesia. However, these theories do not fully apply in Indonesia because the jinayat (Islamic criminal) law has never received recognition as an enforceable law in Indonesia, but still uses the Dutch Criminal Code (KUHP). So, in this study, we want to see the extent of the existence of Islamic law in Indonesia and why jinayat law is very difficult to implement in Indonesia, where the majority of the population is Muslim. This study uses qualitative methods and library research (library research). The results of the study show that the existence of Islamic law in Indonesia is only in the civil field, while in the criminal field it is still using the KUHP inherited from the Netherlands, then the obstacles to the implementation of jinayat law are more on the culture of the people who are not fully following Islam and political constraints. Abstrak: Pergulatan tentang supremasi hukum Islam dalam masyarakat nusantara dimulai pada masa penjajahan Belanda, ketika Belanda mulai mengusik hukum masyarakat demi memperkuat cengkeramannya untuk menguasai bumi nusantara ini. Awalnya ilmuan hukum Belanda masih jernih dalam melihat kebenaran bahwa hukum Islam dalam masyarakat muslim nusantara lebih tinggi kedudukannya dari pada hukum adat sehingga lahir teori receptie in complexu, namun hal ini tidak berlaku lama karena ilmuan hukum Belanda lainnya merubah teori ini dengan teori receptie yang menempatkan hukum Islam lebih rendah dari hukum adat. Hal ini dilakukan untuk kepentingan politik kekuasaan Belanda. Setelah Indonesia merdeka, ilmuan hukum Indonesia mulai meluruskan kembali kedudukan hukum Islam dan menempatkannya pada kedudukan yang sebenarnya, sehingga muncul teori receptie exit yang dipelopori oleh Hazairin, teori receptio a contrario oleh Sayuti Thalib dan teori eksistensi oleh Ichtijanto. Ketiga teori ini mempunyai tujuan yang sama yaitu berusaha menempatkan kedudukan hukum Islam yang diakui eksistensinya di Indonesia. Namun tidak sepenuhnya teori-teori tersebut berlaku di Indonesia karena hukum jinayat (pidana Islam) tidak pernah mendapat pengakuan sebagai hukum yang dapat dilaksanakan di Indonesia, melainkan tetap masih menggunakan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) peninggalan Belanda. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini ingin melihat sejauh mana eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia dan mengapa hukum jinayat sukar sekali dilaksanakan di Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya adalah umat Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia hanya dalam bidang perdata, sementara dalam bidang pidana masih menggunakan KUHP peninggalan Belanda, kemudian kendala pelaksanaan hukum jinayat lebih kepada budaya masyarakat yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan Islam dan kendala politik.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 88 co-authorship links · 3 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Hasanuddin University
  • Universitas Jambi
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Dian Arisandy Eka Putra SembiringAffiliation unknown8
Adrian TawaiUniversitas Halu Oleo7
Robi HendraAffiliation unknown7
Toto SubrotoAffiliation unknown5
Hansein Arif WijayaAffiliation unknown4
La Ode Muhammad ElwanUniversitas Halu Oleo3
La Ode AslimUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Muhammad FauzanUniversitas Jambi3
Umi BarorohAffiliation unknown3
Shinta KusumawardaniAffiliation unknown3
Sartono SartonoUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Nur Fitriani Usdyana AtthamidAffiliation unknown2
Sri IndriatiAffiliation unknown2
Masvil TomiAffiliation unknown2
Lely MardiyantiAffiliation unknown2
Ali SadikinAffiliation unknown2
Hamka HamkaAffiliation unknown2
Isnawaty IsnawatyAffiliation unknown1
Rahmat RamadhanUniversitas Halu Oleo1
la ode Maksar MuhurunaAffiliation unknown1
Ambo AkoHasanuddin University1
Ayi Nur FauziahUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Muhammad AmirUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Saidin SaidinUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Sahiruddin SahiruddinHasanuddin University1
Djoni Prawira RahardjaAffiliation unknown1
Abdul Latif TolengAffiliation unknown1
Rika HaryaniAffiliation unknown1
mawardi A. Asja ZulkarnaimAffiliation unknown1
Taufik TaufikUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Eka SuaibUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Amrullah AmrullahAffiliation unknown1
Alim BahriAffiliation unknown1
Ilham IlhamAffiliation unknown1
Fitri KhairunnisaAffiliation unknown1
HardiwinotoAffiliation unknown1
Siti Zaharah RosliAffiliation unknown1
Diode YonataAffiliation unknown1
Boby PranataAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/legitimasi/oai, first harvested 7 Nov 2026, last seen 7 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Existence of The Jinayat Law in Indonesian Community [Eksistensi Hukum Jinayat dalam Masyarakat Nusantara]</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yusuf, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Receptie Theory</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Receptie in Complex Theory</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Receptio a Contrario</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Jinayat Law</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Abstract: The struggle over the supremacy of Islamic law in the Indonesian archipelago began during the Dutch colonial period when the Dutch began to harass the community's laws to strengthen their grip on controlling the archipelago. Initially, Dutch legal scientists were still clear in seeing the truth that Islamic law in the Muslim community of the archipelago had a higher position than customary law so that the receptie in complex theory was born, but this did not last long because other Dutch legal scientists changed this theory with the receptie theory which puts law Islam is lower than customary law. This was done for the political interests of the Dutch power. After Indonesia's independence, Indonesian legal scientists began to realign the position of Islamic law and place it in its actual position, so that the receptie exit theory emerged which was pioneered by Hazairin, the theory of receptio a contrario by Sayuti Thalib, and the theory of existence by Ichtijanto. These three theories have the same goal, namely trying to place the position of Islamic law which is recognized for its existence in Indonesia. However, these theories do not fully apply in Indonesia because the jinayat (Islamic criminal) law has never received recognition as an enforceable law in Indonesia, but still uses the Dutch Criminal Code (KUHP). So, in this study, we want to see the extent of the existence of Islamic law in Indonesia and why jinayat law is very difficult to implement in Indonesia, where the majority of the population is Muslim. This study uses qualitative methods and library research (library research). The results of the study show that the existence of Islamic law in Indonesia is only in the civil field, while in the criminal field it is still using the KUHP inherited from the Netherlands, then the obstacles to the implementation of jinayat law are more on the culture of the people who are not fully following Islam and political constraints. Abstrak: Pergulatan tentang supremasi hukum Islam dalam masyarakat nusantara dimulai pada masa penjajahan Belanda, ketika Belanda mulai mengusik hukum masyarakat demi memperkuat cengkeramannya untuk menguasai bumi nusantara ini. Awalnya ilmuan hukum Belanda masih jernih dalam melihat kebenaran bahwa hukum Islam dalam masyarakat muslim nusantara lebih tinggi kedudukannya dari pada hukum adat sehingga lahir teori receptie in complexu, namun hal ini tidak berlaku lama karena ilmuan hukum Belanda lainnya merubah teori ini dengan teori receptie yang menempatkan hukum Islam lebih rendah dari hukum adat. Hal ini dilakukan untuk kepentingan politik kekuasaan Belanda. Setelah Indonesia merdeka, ilmuan hukum Indonesia mulai meluruskan kembali kedudukan hukum Islam dan menempatkannya pada kedudukan yang sebenarnya, sehingga muncul teori receptie exit yang dipelopori oleh Hazairin, teori receptio a contrario oleh Sayuti Thalib dan teori eksistensi oleh Ichtijanto. Ketiga teori ini mempunyai tujuan yang sama yaitu berusaha menempatkan kedudukan hukum Islam yang diakui eksistensinya di Indonesia. Namun tidak sepenuhnya teori-teori tersebut berlaku di Indonesia karena hukum jinayat (pidana Islam) tidak pernah mendapat pengakuan sebagai hukum yang dapat dilaksanakan di Indonesia, melainkan tetap masih menggunakan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) peninggalan Belanda. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini ingin melihat sejauh mana eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia dan mengapa hukum jinayat sukar sekali dilaksanakan di Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya adalah umat Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi hukum Islam di Indonesia hanya dalam bidang perdata, sementara dalam bidang pidana masih menggunakan KUHP peninggalan Belanda, kemudian kendala pelaksanaan hukum jinayat lebih kepada budaya masyarakat yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan Islam dan kendala politik.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/legitimasi/article/view/10516</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/legitimasi.v10i1.10516</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021); 41-64</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2579-5104</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2088-8813</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/legitimasi/article/view/10516/6393</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2021 Muhammad Yusuf</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>