Optimasi Proses Penggaraman dan Pengeringan Ikan Nike Asin Kering dengan Metode Response Surface Method: Study of the Influence of Salt Concentration and Drying Time on Characteristics of Dried Salted Largesnout Goby (Awaous melanocephalus)

Abstract

Indonesian

Ikan nike (Awaous melanocephalus) merupakan jenis ikan endemik dan potensial yang tersebar di daerah Sulawesi. Salah satu produk olahan dari ikan tersebut adalah ikan asin kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi garam dan lama penggaraman terhadap karakteristik Ikan nike (Awaous melanocephalus) asin kering yang dihasilkan. Melalui pengujian organoleptik mutu hedonik yang meliputi kenampakan, bau, rasa tekstur dan kadar protein. Pembuatan ikan asin menggunakan metode penggaraman kering dengan konsentrasi garam 5%, dan 10% dengan lama pengeringan 5, 6 dan 7 jam. Hasil pengujian dianalisis sensori dengan menggunakan metode Kruskal Wallis. Kadar protein dianalisis menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RALF) dengan tiga kali ulangan, serta optimasi proses pengolahan ikan asin kering terhadap kandungan protein menggunakan Response Surface Method (RSM). Konsentrasi garam dan lama pengeringan berpangaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik protein ikan asin. Ikan nike asin kering memiliki nilai organoleptik 7-9. Komposisi kimia protein ikan nike protein tertinggi 25,28%. Optimasi proses penggaraman dan pengeringan terhadap kandungan protein menggunakan Response Surface Method di peroleh pada konsentrasi garam 10% dan lama waktu pengeringan 7 jam.

English

Largesnout goby (Awaous melanocephalus) is an endemic and potential fish species that is spread in Sulawesi. One of the processed fish products is dried salted fish. This study aims to determine the effect of salt concentration and duration of salting on the characteristics of dry salted Nike fish (Awaous melanocephalus). Through organoleptic testing of hedonic quality which includes appearance, smell, taste, texture and protein content. Making salted fish using dry salting method with a salt concentration of 5%, and 10% with a drying time of 5, 6 and 7 hours. The test results were analyzed sensory using the Kruskal Wallis method. Protein content was analyzed using a factorial completely randomized design with three replications, as well as optimization of the processing of dried salted fish on protein content using the Response Surface Method (RSM). Salt concentration and drying time had a significant effect on the protein characteristics of salted fish. Dry salted nike fish has an organoleptic value of 7-9. The chemical composition of the highest protein Nike fish protein is 25.28%. Optimization of the salting and drying process on protein content using the Response Surface Method was obtained at a salt concentration of 10% and a drying time of 7 hours.

Keywords

• dried salted largesnout goby
• organoleptic
• protein
• RSM
• ikan nike asin kering
• organoleptik