Aktivitas inhibisi tirosinase ekstrak etanol rumput laut Ulva lactuca secara in vitro: In vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity of ethanol extract of seaweed Ulva lactuca

Abstract

Indonesian

Ulva lactuca kaya senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat bagi manusia dan organisme lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas inhibisi tirosinase pada ekstrak etanol rumput laut U. lactuca secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara bertahap, yaitu proses maserasi U. lactuca dengan pelarut etanol. Ekstrak difraksinasi cair-cair dengan pelarut n-heksana, kloroform, dan air. Ekstrak etanol dan fraksi diuji total fenol, total flavonoid, dan aktivitas inhibisi tirosinase. Nilai total fenol dan flavonoid tertinggi didapatkan dari fraksi n-heksana dengan nilai 9,43±0,27 mgGAE/g dan 9,20±0,49 mgQE/g. Aktivitas inhibisi tirosinase tertinggi diperoleh dari fraksi n-heksan dengan nilai IC50 127,74±6,47 µg/mL. Senyawa aktif yang berperan penting dalam aktivitas inhibisi tirosinase pada ekstrak etanol dan fraksi n-heksana meliputi kalkon, asam ferulat, asam 4-nitrocinamat, asam 4-aminobenzoat, derivat 2TMS, asam 4-hidroksibenzoat, 4-tert-butylfenol, 1-tetradekanol, ester metil asam n-heksadekanoat, asam palmitat, 2-(2-Aminofenil)-1H-benzimidazol, dan asam 5-metilsalisilat. Fraksi n-heksana U. lactuca dapat digunakan sebagai inhibitor tirosinase alami.

English

Ulva lactuca is rich in bioactive compounds, which are beneficial to humans and other organisms. This study aimed to determine the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of an ethanol extract of U. lactuca seaweed in vitro. This research was carried out in stages, namely, the maceration process of U. lactuca with an ethanol solvent. The extract was liquid-liquid fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, and water as solvents. The ethanol extracts and fractions were tested for total phenol, total flavonoid, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. The highest total phenol and flavonoid values ​​were obtained from the n-hexane fraction with values ​​of 9.43±0.27 mgGAE/g and 9.20±0.49 mgQE/g. The highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity was obtained from the n-hexane fraction, with an IC50 value of 127.74±6.47 µg/mL. Active compounds that play an important role in tyrosinase inhibitory activity in the ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction include chalcone, ferulic acid, 4-nitrocinnamic acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid, 2TMS derivatives, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-tert-butylfenol, 1-tetradecanol, n-hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid, 2-(2-Aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole, and 5-methylsalicylic acid. Thus, the n-hexane fraction of U. lactuca could be used as a natural tyrosinase inhibitor.

Keywords

• bioactive
• flavonoid
• GC-MS
• n-hexane
• phenolic
• biaktif
• fenolik
• n-heksana