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Immobilization of Bacillus subtilis on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers with Biochar as a Self Healing Material

Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science · Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024)

ISSN
2502-6844, 2252-6951
Published
2024-11-25
Publisher
Prodi Kimia
Language
eng

Abstract

Geopolimer merupakan material konstruksi yang ramah lingkungan namun tidak luput dari kerusakan berupa retak. Salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki dan menutup microcrack pada geopolimer yaitu self healing geopolimer, dengan cara menambahkan healing agent ke dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penambahan bakteri Bacillus subtilis sebagai healing agent terhadap kualitas geopolimer. Sintesis geopolimer dilakukan dengan mencampurkan larutan alkali dan fly ash, selanjutnya Bacillus subtilis dan kalsium laktat dimasukkan dalam biochar dengan variasi tingkat pengenceran bakteri 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 dan ditambahkan ke dalam pasta geopolimer. Kualitas geopolimer yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan uji UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) dan uji kuat tekan. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan pada geopolimer terbaik yaitu analisis gugus fungsi dengan FT-IR, fasa mineral dengan XRD, dan morfologi permukaan dengan SEM-EDX. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan healing agent memberikan peningkatan hasil UPV dan nilai kuat tekan. Geopolimer yang memiliki kualias terbaik dalam penelitian ini yaitu geopolimer dengan penambahan bakteri Bacillus subtilis pada pengenceran 10-1 (G-1) dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 20,6664 MPa. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi pada sampel geopolimer dengan dan tanpa penambahan healing agent tidak menghasilkan perubahan yang signifikan. Hasil analisis fasa mineral menunjukkan fasa amorf geopolimer. Hasil morfologi menunjukkan terbentuknya matriks geopolimer yang homogen. kata kunci: fly ash, self healing geopolimer, Bacillus subtilis Geopolymer is an environmentally friendly construction material but is not immune to damage in the form of cracks. One effort to repair and close microcracks in geopolymer is self-healing geopolymer, by adding healing agents to it. This research aims to determine the impact of adding Bacillus subtilis bacteria as a healing agent on the quality of geopolymer. Geopolymer synthesis was carried out by mixing alkaline solution and fly ash, then Bacillus subtilis and calcium lactate were added to biochar with varying levels of bacterial dilution 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 and added into geopolymer paste. The quality of the resulting geopolymer was analyzed using the UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) test and compressive strength test. Qualitative analysis was carried out on the best geopolymers, namely functional group analysis using FT-IR, mineral phases using XRD, and surface morphology using SEM-EDX. The research results show that the addition of healing agents provides an increase in UPV results and compressive strength values. The geopolymer that has the best quality in this research is geopolymer with the addition of Bacillus subtilis bacteria at a dilution of 10-1 (G-1) with a compressive strength value of 20.6664 MPa. The results of functional group analysis on geopolymer samples with and without the addition of healing agents did not produce significant changes. The results of mineral phase analysis show an amorphous phase of geopolymer. Morphology results show the formation of a homogeneous geopolymer matrix. keyword: fly ash, self healing geopolymer, Bacillus subtilis

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 128 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Jenderal Soedirman University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Jumaeri JumaeriAffiliation unknown9
F. ‪Widhi MahatmantiAffiliation unknown6
Agung Tri PrasetyaState University of Semarang6
Endang SusilaningsihState University of Semarang3
Winarni PratjojoAffiliation unknown2
Latifah LatifahAffiliation unknown2
Widi AstutiAffiliation unknown2
Nuril HudaAffiliation unknown2
SRI WAHYUNIAffiliation unknown2
Nanik WijayatiState University of Semarang2
Puji LestariJenderal Soedirman University2
Nuni WidiartiAffiliation unknown2
Siti Herlina DewiState University of Semarang1
Mohammad Haris BaihaqiAffiliation unknown1
Fika Maulydha HardiyantiAffiliation unknown1
Eka Siti RinjaniAffiliation unknown1
Masrukan MasrukanState University of Semarang1
Ani RusilowatiState University of Semarang1
Heru SetyantoAffiliation unknown1
Tri Sri NoorAsihAffiliation unknown1
R SusantiAffiliation unknown1
Woro SumarniState University of Semarang1
Fatimah KhoirunisaAffiliation unknown1
Sri Susilogati SumartiState University of Semarang1
Inca Pritonasya MilaningsihAffiliation unknown1
Agustina Dwi RahmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Rika WulandariAffiliation unknown1
Nelly RahmawatiAffiliation unknown1
Sri Mantini Rahayu SedyawatiAffiliation unknown1
Siti KholipukAffiliation unknown1
Tri PuspitariniAffiliation unknown1
Arum SeptiosariAffiliation unknown1
Ulil Albab Chandra TrapsilaAffiliation unknown1
Farida Nur AzizaAffiliation unknown1
Moh. SyukurAffiliation unknown1
Selli Renata SariAffiliation unknown1
Syaiful AnwarAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcs/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 8 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Immobilization of Bacillus subtilis on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers with Biochar as a Self Healing Material</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kulsum, Ummi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Triastuti Sulistyaningsih</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ella Kusumastuti</dc:creator>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Geopolimer merupakan material konstruksi yang ramah lingkungan namun tidak luput dari kerusakan berupa retak. Salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki dan menutup microcrack pada geopolimer yaitu self healing geopolimer, dengan cara menambahkan healing agent ke dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penambahan bakteri Bacillus subtilis sebagai healing agent terhadap kualitas geopolimer. Sintesis geopolimer dilakukan dengan mencampurkan larutan alkali dan fly ash, selanjutnya Bacillus subtilis dan kalsium laktat dimasukkan dalam biochar dengan variasi tingkat pengenceran bakteri 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 dan ditambahkan ke dalam pasta geopolimer. Kualitas geopolimer yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan uji UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) dan uji kuat tekan. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan pada geopolimer terbaik yaitu analisis gugus fungsi dengan FT-IR, fasa mineral dengan XRD, dan morfologi permukaan dengan SEM-EDX. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan healing agent memberikan peningkatan hasil UPV dan nilai kuat tekan. Geopolimer yang memiliki kualias terbaik dalam penelitian ini yaitu geopolimer dengan penambahan bakteri Bacillus subtilis pada pengenceran 10-1 (G-1) dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 20,6664 MPa. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi pada sampel geopolimer dengan dan tanpa penambahan healing agent tidak menghasilkan perubahan yang signifikan. Hasil analisis fasa mineral menunjukkan fasa amorf geopolimer. Hasil morfologi menunjukkan terbentuknya matriks geopolimer yang homogen.
kata kunci : fly ash, self healing geopolimer, Bacillus subtilis
Geopolymer is an environmentally friendly construction material but is not immune to damage in the form of cracks. One effort to repair and close microcracks in geopolymer is self-healing geopolymer, by adding healing agents to it. This research aims to determine the impact of adding Bacillus subtilis bacteria as a healing agent on the quality of geopolymer. Geopolymer synthesis was carried out by mixing alkaline solution and fly ash, then Bacillus subtilis and calcium lactate were added to biochar with varying levels of bacterial dilution 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 and added into geopolymer paste. The quality of the resulting geopolymer was analyzed using the UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) test and compressive strength test. Qualitative analysis was carried out on the best geopolymers, namely functional group analysis using FT-IR, mineral phases using XRD, and surface morphology using SEM-EDX. The research results show that the addition of healing agents provides an increase in UPV results and compressive strength values. The geopolymer that has the best quality in this research is geopolymer with the addition of Bacillus subtilis bacteria at a dilution of 10-1 (G-1) with a compressive strength value of 20.6664 MPa. The results of functional group analysis on geopolymer samples with and without the addition of healing agents did not produce significant changes. The results of mineral phase analysis show an amorphous phase of geopolymer. Morphology results show the formation of a homogeneous geopolymer matrix.
keyword : fly ash, self healing geopolymer, Bacillus subtilis</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Prodi Kimia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-11-25</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcs/article/view/1722</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science; Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-6844</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-6951</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/ijcs/article/view/1722/1946</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>