Journal
“DEFENDS†as An Effective Writing Strategy to Create Students Creativity
International Journal of Language Teaching and Education · Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019) · pp. 67–77
- ISSN
- 2598-2303, 2614-1191
- Published
- 2019-07-24
- Publisher
- Universitas Jambi, Magister Program of English Education Department
- Language
- en
Abstract
In the educational process, specifically in the classroom, students must be able to produce good writing in academic writing that is relevant to the topic that is given or determined by the teacher. Most students get difficulty in learning writing moreover producing good writing. Teachers need to help the students build their habits of writing creatively. DEFENDS, a strategy that was developed by Ellis (1989,1990,1993) can help students to defend a particular position in a written assignment, improve writing strategies, facilitate writing process, and strengthen learning to learn writing skill. DEFENDS strategy gives students the means to plan before they begin writing. This strategy guides students to be an independent writer through several stages (Decide, Estimate, Figure, Express, Note, Drive, and Search). Students are demanded to have not only language skill but also other factors such as creativity. Creativity gives a contribution in education field nowadays, the issue of creativity has brought to the forefront of educational policy and practice, including the importance of creativity in writing. Research dealing with creativity in writing is needed. This research was an experimental design called post-test design using 2x2 factorial arrangements. The sample was high school students. Two instruments used by the researcher; those were writing test and creativity test. The value of Ftable at the level of significance is α = 0.05 is 4.01, while the value of Fo between columns is 5.734141. Fo between rows (16.5821) is higher than Ft at the level of significance α = 0.05 (4.01), and Fo columns by rows (9.21) are higher than Ft at the level of significance α = 0.05 (4.01).
Collaboration network of the authors
40 authors · 62 co-authorship links · showing the 40 most connected
Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.
- State University of Semarang
- Sebelas Maret University
- University of Brawijaya
- Cenderawasih University
- Yogyakarta State University
- Universitas Jember
- Affiliation unknown
- Different organisations
- Same organisation
- Affiliation unknown
- Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
| Co-author | Organisation | Joint articles |
|---|---|---|
| Ngadiso Ngadiso | Affiliation unknown | 2 |
| Djabir Hamzah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| M. Ilham Eka Putra | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Anjelina Frisca Junita Ponto | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Muh. Idrus Taba | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Sigit Saptono | State University of Semarang | 1 |
| Sri Ngabekti | State University of Semarang | 1 |
| Dwi Oktalia | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Anggri Muhtia | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Suparno Suparno | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Widyani Solihat | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Maria Leswinda Wulan | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| N. A. Drajati | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Diah Kristina | Sebelas Maret University | 1 |
| E. T. Karmala | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Nur Arifah Drajati | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Stefanie Nike Nurtjahyo | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Zahrotun Hanifah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Suparno | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Eni Kurnia | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ahmad Muhibbin | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ika Trisnawati | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Eko Budiono | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Andang Setiadi | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Nunun Barunawati | University of Brawijaya | 1 |
| Dina Wahyu | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Hermawan Hermawan | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Purwanto Purwanto | Cenderawasih University | 1 |
| Didi Dwi Anggoro | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Ali Mustadi | Yogyakarta State University | 1 |
| Enny Zubaidah | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Muamaroh Muamaroh | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Deni Pandu Nugraha | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Faozan Amar | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Wahyuni Apri Astuti | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Dahroni Dahroni | Affiliation unknown | 1 |
| Khairul Anam | Universitas Jember | 1 |
Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.