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Development of the TTMCT Instrument and In-Depth Interview Activities to Identify Misconceptions about the Periodic Table Concept

Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia · Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026) · pp. 141–148

DOI
10.15294/jipk.v19i2.2683
ISSN
2503-1244, 1979-0503
Published
2026-01-22
Publisher
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Misconceptions arise when students hold ideas that conflict with scientifically accepted concepts, and persistent misconceptions can reduce learning outcomes and weaken conceptual understanding. This study analyzed students’ misconceptions about the Periodic System of Elements through the development of a Three-Tier Multiple Choice Test (TTMCT) and supporting in-depth interview activities. A quantitative design was applied. Data were collected through observation, diagnostic testing, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Content validation involved eight experts (chemistry lecturers and chemistry teachers) and was followed by a small-scale trial to evaluate item clarity and practicality. The main study was conducted in five public and private schools and involved 250 Grade X students. TTMCT results indicated that a substantial proportion of students demonstrated misconceptions, distributed across seven distinct misconception profiles revealed by the combination of answer choice, reasoning selection, and Certainty of Response Index patterns. Interview findings helped confirm the diagnostic classifications and clarified typical reasoning used by students. Overall, the developed TTMCT instrument, complemented by in-depth interviews, proved effective for identifying and mapping misconceptions on periodic table concepts, providing diagnostic information that can guide targeted instructional remediation. Such mapping supports teachers in prioritizing concepts that require reteaching.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

40 authors · 223 co-authorship links · 15 across different organisations · showing the 40 most connected

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Walisongo State Islamic University
  • National University of Malaysia
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Sri HaryaniAffiliation unknown13
Sri WardaniState University of Semarang9
Sri NurhayatiState University of Semarang9
Nanik WijayatiState University of Semarang7
Kasmui KasmuiState University of Semarang7
Jumaeri JumaeriAffiliation unknown6
Woro SumarniState University of Semarang6
Harjono HarjonoAffiliation unknown6
Melania Eva WulanningtyasAffiliation unknown5
Agung Tri PrasetyaState University of Semarang5
Sri Susilogati SumartiState University of Semarang5
Harjito HarjitoAffiliation unknown5
Sudarmin SudarminAffiliation unknown5
Murbangun NuswowatiState University of Semarang4
Eko Budi SusatyoAffiliation unknown4
Supartono SupartonoAffiliation unknown4
Kasmadi Imam SupardiState University of Semarang4
SRI WAHYUNIAffiliation unknown4
Kartono KartonoUniversitas Airlangga4
Supriyadi SupriyadiAffiliation unknown3
Edy CahyonoState University of Semarang3
Triastuti SulistyaningsihAffiliation unknown3
Sri KadarwatiState University of Semarang3
Apriliana DrastisiantiWalisongo State Islamic University2
Cepi KurniawanState University of Semarang2
Rinda Angghita PutriAffiliation unknown2
Achmad BinadjaAffiliation unknown2
Azza Khisnu AddianiAffiliation unknown2
Sri Susilogati SumartiAffiliation unknown2
Rr. Sri Endang PujiastutiAffiliation unknown2
Nuni WidiartiState University of Semarang2
Sharipah Ruzaina Syed ArisUniversiti Teknologi MARA1
Isnaini Putri SalimnahState University of Semarang1
HarjonoState University of Semarang1
Lilia Ellany MohtarNational University of Malaysia1
L. LastriState University of Semarang1
E. KusumoState University of Semarang1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JIPK/oai, first harvested 5 Nov 2026, last seen 5 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Development of the TTMCT Instrument and In-Depth Interview Activities to Identify Misconceptions about the Periodic Table Concept</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">YOSEPHINE DEBBIE DAMAYANTI</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Susilaningsih, Endang </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Priatmoko, Sigit</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Misconception</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">SPU</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">TTMCT</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">In Depth Interview</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Misconceptions arise when students hold ideas that conflict with scientifically accepted concepts, and persistent misconceptions can reduce learning outcomes and weaken conceptual understanding. This study analyzed students’ misconceptions about the Periodic System of Elements through the development of a Three-Tier Multiple Choice Test (TTMCT) and supporting in-depth interview activities. A quantitative design was applied. Data were collected through observation, diagnostic testing, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Content validation involved eight experts (chemistry lecturers and chemistry teachers) and was followed by a small-scale trial to evaluate item clarity and practicality. The main study was conducted in five public and private schools and involved 250 Grade X students. TTMCT results indicated that a substantial proportion of students demonstrated misconceptions, distributed across seven distinct misconception profiles revealed by the combination of answer choice, reasoning selection, and Certainty of Response Index patterns. Interview findings helped confirm the diagnostic classifications and clarified typical reasoning used by students. Overall, the developed TTMCT instrument, complemented by in-depth interviews, proved effective for identifying and mapping misconceptions on periodic table concepts, providing diagnostic information that can guide targeted instructional remediation. Such mapping supports teachers in prioritizing concepts that require reteaching.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-01-22</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JIPK/article/view/2683</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jipk.v19i2.2683</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia; Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia; 141-148</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2503-1244</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1979-0503</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jipk.v19i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/JIPK/article/view/2683/8233</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>