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History of Education in Cambodia: A Review of Literature From Past to Present

Paramita: Historical Studies Journal · Vol. 35 No. 1 (2025)

DOI
10.15294/paramita.v35i1.9207
ISSN
2407-5825, 0854-0039
Published
2025-04-24
Publisher
istory Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (Indonesian Historical Society)
Language
eng

Abstract

Abstract: From the beginning until now, education has been a significant factor in the Cambodian setting. The current article examines the origins of education in Cambodia, which dates back to the prehistoric period. Throughout Cambodian history, education has played a variety of meaningful roles. Education played a significant role in shaping the lives of individuals throughout the many eras of Cambodian prehistory and history. In prehistory, children learned by doing and observing the people around them. Education in Cambodia peaked during the Angkor Empire, also known as the Khmer Empire. During that period, hundreds of educational institutions were located across the country, including more advanced educational establishments in the city serving as Angkor's capital. Thousands of instructors were well-equipped to teach Khmer-speaking students. On the other hand, as the Angkor Empire collapsed, education in Cambodia gradually declined, a trend that persisted until the Khmer Rouge Regime finally eradicated education. During this period, the Khmer Rouge leaders targeted and killed the majority of instructors. Then the Cambodian government and other concerned education stakeholders have been working diligently to rebuild education in Cambodia since the end of that black period, and they have succeeded in doing so to the point where it is now. Finally, the article recommends that the concerned education stakeholders consider the past as the experiences for the present and improve the perspectives of future education. Abstrak: Sejak awal hingga sekarang, pendidikan telah menjadi faktor penting dalam tatanan Kamboja. Artikel ini membahas asal-usul pendidikan di Kamboja, yang dimulai sejak periode prasejarah. Sepanjang sejarah Kamboja, pendidikan telah memainkan berbagai peran yang berarti. Pendidikan memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk kehidupan individu di berbagai era prasejarah dan sejarah Kamboja. Pada masa prasejarah, anak-anak belajar dengan melakukan dan mengamati orang-orang di sekitar mereka. Pendidikan di Kamboja pernah mencapai puncaknya selama Kekaisaran Angkor, yang juga dikenal sebagai Kekaisaran Khmer. Selama periode tersebut, ratusan lembaga pendidikan berlokasi di seluruh negeri, termasuk lembaga pendidikan yang lebih maju di kota yang berfungsi sebagai ibu kota Angkor. Ribuan instruktur diperlengkapi dengan baik untuk mengajar siswa yang berbahasa Khmer. Di sisi lain, ketika Kekaisaran Angkor runtuh, pendidikan di Kamboja secara bertahap menurun, sebuah tren yang bertahan hingga Rezim Khmer Merah akhirnya memberantas pendidikan. Selama periode ini, para pemimpin Khmer Merah menargetkan dan membunuh sebagian besar instruktur. Pemerintah Kamboja dan pemangku kepentingan pendidikan lainnya telah bekerja keras untuk membangun kembali pendidikan di Kamboja sejak berakhirnya masa suram itu, dan mereka telah berhasil melakukannya hingga mencapai titik seperti sekarang. Terakhir, artikel ini merekomendasikan agar para pemangku kepentingan pendidikan mempertimbangkan masa lalu sebagai pengalaman untuk masa kini dan meningkatkan perspektif pendidikan di masa mendatang.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

32 authors · 82 co-authorship links

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Arif PurnomoAffiliation unknown4
Romadi RomadiAffiliation unknown3
Bunrosy LanAffiliation unknown1
Vireak KeoAffiliation unknown1
Wen RoeutAffiliation unknown1
Cahyo Budi UtomoAffiliation unknown1
Rika CahyaniAffiliation unknown1
Em SereyrathAffiliation unknown1
Destiana SafitriAffiliation unknown1
Dimas AnggoroAffiliation unknown1
Dharu Sinar MustikasariAffiliation unknown1
Warto WartoAffiliation unknown1
Leo Agung SutiminAffiliation unknown1
Qonita FadhilaAffiliation unknown1
Amir KarimiAffiliation unknown1
Robby Fajar FitriantoAffiliation unknown1
Syaiful AminAffiliation unknown1
Andriyanto AndriyantoAffiliation unknown1
R SoeharsoAffiliation unknown1
Andy SuryadiAffiliation unknown1
Putri Agus WijayatiAffiliation unknown1
Nurul Asyikin Binti HassanAffiliation unknown1
Junaidy Fery LusiantoAffiliation unknown1
WartoAffiliation unknown1
Hieronymus PurwantaAffiliation unknown1
YuliarniAffiliation unknown1
AtnoAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/paramita/oai, first harvested 6 Nov 2026, last seen 6 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">History of Education in Cambodia: A Review of Literature From Past to Present</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Em, Sereyrath</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mok, Sarom</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sam, Rany</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kurniawan, Ganda Febri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pen, Dina</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Angkor Empire</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cambodia</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">History of Education</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">System of Education</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Abstract: From the beginning until now, education has been a significant factor in the Cambodian setting. The current article examines the origins of education in Cambodia, which dates back to the prehistoric period. Throughout Cambodian history, education has played a variety of meaningful roles. Education played a significant role in shaping the lives of individuals throughout the many eras of Cambodian prehistory and history. In prehistory, children learned by doing and observing the people around them. Education in Cambodia peaked during the Angkor Empire, also known as the Khmer Empire. During that period, hundreds of educational institutions were located across the country, including more advanced educational establishments in the city serving as Angkor's capital. Thousands of instructors were well-equipped to teach Khmer-speaking students. On the other hand, as the Angkor Empire collapsed, education in Cambodia gradually declined, a trend that persisted until the Khmer Rouge Regime finally eradicated education. During this period, the Khmer Rouge leaders targeted and killed the majority of instructors. Then the Cambodian government and other concerned education stakeholders have been working diligently to rebuild education in Cambodia since the end of that black period, and they have succeeded in doing so to the point where it is now. Finally, the article recommends that the concerned education stakeholders consider the past as the experiences for the present and improve the perspectives of future education.
Abstrak: Sejak awal hingga sekarang, pendidikan telah menjadi faktor penting dalam tatanan Kamboja. Artikel ini membahas asal-usul pendidikan di Kamboja, yang dimulai sejak periode prasejarah. Sepanjang sejarah Kamboja, pendidikan telah memainkan berbagai peran yang berarti. Pendidikan memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk kehidupan individu di berbagai era prasejarah dan sejarah Kamboja. Pada masa prasejarah, anak-anak belajar dengan melakukan dan mengamati orang-orang di sekitar mereka. Pendidikan di Kamboja pernah mencapai puncaknya selama Kekaisaran Angkor, yang juga dikenal sebagai Kekaisaran Khmer. Selama periode tersebut, ratusan lembaga pendidikan berlokasi di seluruh negeri, termasuk lembaga pendidikan yang lebih maju di kota yang berfungsi sebagai ibu kota Angkor. Ribuan instruktur diperlengkapi dengan baik untuk mengajar siswa yang berbahasa Khmer. Di sisi lain, ketika Kekaisaran Angkor runtuh, pendidikan di Kamboja secara bertahap menurun, sebuah tren yang bertahan hingga Rezim Khmer Merah akhirnya memberantas pendidikan. Selama periode ini, para pemimpin Khmer Merah menargetkan dan membunuh sebagian besar instruktur. Pemerintah Kamboja dan pemangku kepentingan pendidikan lainnya telah bekerja keras untuk membangun kembali pendidikan di Kamboja sejak berakhirnya masa suram itu, dan mereka telah berhasil melakukannya hingga mencapai titik seperti sekarang. Terakhir, artikel ini merekomendasikan agar para pemangku kepentingan pendidikan mempertimbangkan masa lalu sebagai pengalaman untuk masa kini dan meningkatkan perspektif pendidikan di masa mendatang.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">istory Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (Indonesian Historical Society)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-04-24</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/paramita/article/view/9207</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/paramita.v35i1.9207</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Paramita: Historical Studies Journal; Vol. 35 No. 1 (2025): History of Education</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2407-5825</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0854-0039</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/paramita/article/view/9207/3708</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Paramita: Historical Studies Journal</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>