Analisis Pola Makan Dan Hubungan Sosial Ekonomi Terhadap Tingkat Kecukupan Gizi Anak Taman Kanak-Kanak Di Kecamatan Kambu Kota Kendari Tahun 2019

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the effect of eating patterns, which include the type and frequency of food, and parental characteristics on the nutritional adequacy of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamin A, and iron of kindergarten (TK) students in Kambu District in 2019. The sampling method used in this study was proportional random sampling. The results show that the eating patterns of kindergarten students did not vary by type, while the main eating frequency of kindergarten students was three times a day. In general, the results show that the level of nutritional adequacy of protein was in the ‘good’ category but the levels of vitamin A and iron were generally in the ‘insufficient’ category. Meanwhile, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate adequacy levels were in the deficit category. The relationship between socio-economic and the level of nutritional adequacy of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamin A, and iron were analyzed with the chi-square test which yielded a p-value = 0.05. This means that there was no significant relationship between social economy and adequate nutrition for kindergarten students. Keywords: Eating patterns, socio-economic, and nutritional adequacy.ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola makan yang meliputi jenis dan frekuensi makan dan kecukupan energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, vitamin A, dan zat besi serta hubungan karakteristik orang tua terhadap kecukupan gizi anak TK (Taman Kanak-kanak) di Kecamatan Kambu tahun 2019. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional, random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola makan anak TK menurut jenis belum beraneka ragam, sedangkan frekuensi makan utama anak TK sebanyak 3 kali dalam sehari. Hasil penelitian secara umum Tingkat Kecukupan Gizi protein kategori baik, tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat kategori defisit, vitamin A dan zat besi pada umumnya berkategori tidak cukup. Berdasarkan hasil hubungan sosial ekonomi terhadap tingkat kecukupan gizi energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, vitamin A, dan zat besi didapatkan hasil analisis dengan uji chisquare yang dimana nilai p-value ˃α = 0,05 artinya bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara sosial ekonomi dengan kecukupan gizi anak TK. Kata kunci: pola makan, sosial ekonomi dan kecukupan gizi.