PENGARUH JENIS KEMASAN BERBEDA PADA PENYIMPANAN SUHU RUANG TERHADAP MUTU DAN DAYA SIMPAN IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis) ASAP YANG DIPRODUKSI DI KOTA KENDARI

Abstract

The Effect of Different Packaging Types on Room Temperature Storage on Quality and Storability of Cakalang Fish (Katsuwonus pelamis) Smoked Produced In Kendari City ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different types of packaging on room temperature storage on organoleptic values, chemical test values, and the total number of bacteria of smoked skipjack tuna produced in Kendari City. The parameters tested were the organoleptic test, water content, fat content, phenol, and total plate count (TPC) of smoked skipjack tuna. This study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two treatments, namely PP (polyethylene packaging) and PE (polypropylene packaging). Each treatment was carried out 3 times of observation for 2 days in order to obtain the number of experimental units as many as 18 units. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if the results of the analysis showed a significant difference, the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was carried out to determine the real difference between treatments with a confidence level of 95% (a= 0.05). The results obtained showed that the type of packaging technique and storage time of smoked skipjack tuna had a very significant effect on the organoleptic value of the aroma, while the appearance and texture had a significant effect, and the mucus showed a significant effect. The best results for organoleptic assessment were found in the PP0 treatment which had appearance values of 7.23, flavor 7.30, texture 7.40, and mucus 9.00. The best treatment in the chemical test was in the PP2 treatment with a water content value of 58.6%, a fat content value of 4.1%, and a phenol content value of 583.317 mg / 100g while the total bacteria count (TPC) value showed the best value, namely the PP0 treatment with a value of 1,66 x 104 CFU / ml. Keywords: smoked skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), smoking, packaging, storage, room temperature.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis kemasan berbeda pada penyimpanan suhu ruang terhadap nilai organoleptik, nilai uji kimia, dan jumlah total bakteri ikan cakalang asap yang diproduksi di Kota Kendari. Parameter yang diuji yaitu uji organoleptik, uji kadar air, uji kadar lemak, ujikadar fenol, dan jumlah total bakteri (TPC) ikan cakalang asap. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancanagan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial yang terdiri dari dua perlakuan yaitu PP (kemasan polyethylene) dan PE (kemasan polypropylene). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 3 kali pengamatan selama 2 hari sehingga diperoleh jumlah satuan percobaan sebanyak 18 unit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA), jika hasil analisis menunjukan beda nyata maka dilakukan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) untuk mengetahui beda nyata antar perlakuan dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (a=0,05). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa teknik jenis kemasan dan waktu penyimpanan ikan cakalang asap memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap nilai organoleptik aroma, sedangkan kenampakan dan tekstur menunjukkan hasil yang berpengaruh nyata, dan lendir menunjukkan hasil berpengaruh nyata. Hasil terbaik untuk penilaian organoleptik terdapat pada perlakuan PP0 dimana memiliki nilai kenampakan 7,23, aroma 7,30, tekstur 7,40 dan lendir 9,00. Perlakuan terbaik pada uji kimia terdapat pada perlakuan PP2 dengan nilai kadar air 58,6%, nilai kadar lemak 4,1%, dan nilai kadar fenol 583,317 mg/100g sedangkan nilai jumlah total bakteri (TPC) menunjukkan nilai terbaik yaitu perlakuan PP0 dengan nilai 1,66 x 104 CFU/ml.Kata kunci:: ikan cakalang asap (Katsuwonus pelamis), pengasapan, pengemasan, penyimpanan, suhu ruang.