The Influence of Internal Locus of Control, Collective Efficacy, and Digital Marketing Ability on Business Success in Women Agricultural Product Processors

Abstract

English

Abstract This study aims to analyze the influence of internal locus of control, collective efficacy, and digital marketing capability on business success among women agricultural processors in Kota Sigli Subdistrict, Pidie Regency. The population of this study was all women agricultural processors running micro-enterprises in the location. Sample selection was conducted using the purposive sampling technique based on the following criteria: (1) women who process agricultural products, (2) run micro-enterprises for at least 1 year, and (3) are members of Women Farmers Groups (Kelompok Wanita Tani/KWT). The sample size of 115 respondents was determined based on the Hair et al. (2019) formula with an approach of 5–10 times the number of indicators. The analytical method employed was Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with two stages of evaluation, namely the measurement model evaluation (outer model) through validity and reliability tests, and the structural model evaluation (inner model) through R-Square test, F-test, and t-statistic test to examine the significance of relationships among variables. The hypothesis testing results showed that internal locus of control had a significant effect on business success (t-statistic = 2.722; p-value = 0.007), while collective efficacy (t-statistic = 0.118; p-value = 0.906) and digital marketing capability (t-statistic = 1.643; p-value = 0.100) had no significant effect. The R-Square value of 0.453 indicates that the three independent variables simultaneously influence business success by 45.3%, with the remaining percentage influenced by other variables outside the model. These findings suggest that individual psychological factors determine business success more than collective factors or digital capabilities, implying that women's empowerment programs should place greater emphasis on strengthening personal capacity, accompanied by institutional support and digital transformation that is responsive to structural barriers and patriarchal cultural values in Aceh. Keywords: Internal Locus of Control; Collective Efficacy; Digital Marketing; Business Success; Women Agricultural Processors

Bahasa Indonesia

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh locus of control internal, efikasi kolektif, dan kemampuan pemasaran digital terhadap keberhasilan usaha pada perempuan pengolah hasil pertanian di Kecamatan Kota Sigli, Kabupaten Pidie. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh perempuan pengolah hasil pertanian yang menjalankan usaha mikro di lokasi tersebut. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria: (1) perempuan yang mengolah hasil pertanian, (2) menjalankan usaha mikro minimal 1 tahun, dan (3) tergabung dalam Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT). Jumlah sampel sebanyak 115 responden ditentukan berdasarkan rumus Hair et al. (2019) dengan pendekatan 5–10 kali jumlah indikator. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Modeling berbasis Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) dengan dua tahap evaluasi, yaitu evaluasi model pengukuran (outer model) melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas, serta evaluasi model struktural (inner model) melalui uji R-Square, uji F, dan uji t-statistik untuk menguji signifikansi pengaruh antar variabel. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa locus of control internal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keberhasilan usaha (t-statistik = 2,722; p-value = 0,007), sementara efikasi kolektif (t-statistik = 0,118; p-value = 0,906) dan kemampuan pemasaran digital (t-statistik = 1,643; p-value = 0,100) tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Nilai R-Square sebesar 0,453 mengindikasikan bahwa ketiga variabel independen secara simultan mempengaruhi keberhasilan usaha sebesar 45,3%, sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar model. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor psikologis individu lebih menentukan keberhasilan usaha dibandingkan faktor kolektif maupun kemampuan digital, sehingga program pemberdayaan perempuan perlu lebih menekankan penguatan kapasitas personal disertai dukungan kelembagaan dan transformasi digital yang responsif terhadap hambatan struktural dan nilai-nilai budaya patriarki di Aceh. Keywords: Locus of Control Internal; Efikasi Kolektif; Pemasaran Digital; Keberhasilan Usaha; Perempuan Pengolah Hasil Pertanian.

Keywords

• Locus of Control Internal
• Efikasi Kolektif
• Pemasaran Digital
• Keberhasilan Usaha