PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PENAMBAHAN GUM ARAB TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KIMIA FRUIT LEATHER PISANG RAJA (Musa paradisiaca Var. raja)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Arabic gum addition on the organoleptic and chemical characteristics of banana (Musa paradisiaca Var. Raja) fruit leather. This study consisted of five treatments namely without the addition of Arabic gum (A0), 0.3% Arabic gum addition (A1), 0.6% Arabic gum addition (A2), 0.9% Arabic gum addition (A3), and 1.2% Arabic gum addition (A4). The samples then analyzed for organoleptic values and the best treatment was analyzed for its chemical content. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% confidence level. The results show that the Arabic gum addition had a very significant effect on organoleptic levels of color and texture with a value of 3.90 (like) and 3.82 (like), respectively. Meanwhile, it had a significant effect on organoleptic levels of aroma and taste with a value of 3.40 (slightly like) and 3.84 (like), respectively. Analysis of chemical content in the best treatment (A2) shows that it had 10.00% water, 1.44% ash, 8.43% crude fiber, 5.27% protein, and 11.18% glucose. The fruit leather was accepted and preferred by panelists and its water content meet the national standard. Keywords: Banana, Fruit Leather, Arabic GumABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan gum arab terhadap kualitas fruit leather pisang raja, terhadap nilai organoleptik dan analisis kimia fruit leather pisang raja. Penelitian ini terdiri dari lima perlakuan yaitu tanpa penambahan gum arab (A0), penambahan gum arab 0,3% (A1), penambahan gum arab 0,6% (A2), penambahan gum arab 0,9% (A3), dan penambahan gum arab 1,2% (A4) lalu dianalisis terhadap nilai organoleptik dan perlakuan terbaik dianalisis kandungan kimianya. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Data di analisis menggunakan Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh penambahan gum arab berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar organoleptik warna dengan nilai 3,90 (suka) dan tekstur dengan nilai 3,82 (suka). Serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar organoleptik aroma dengan nilai 3,40 (agak suka) dan rasa dengan nilai 3,84 (suka). Analisis kandungan kimia pada perlakuan terbaik (A2) diperoleh nilai kadar air 10,00%, kadar abu 1,44%, kadar serat kasar 8,43%, kadar protein 5,27%, dan kadar glukosa 11,18%. Hasil penelitian fruit leather dapat diterima dan disukai panelis serta sesuai dengan SNI pada kadar air.Kata kunci: Pisang Raja, Fruit Leather, Gum Arab